甘蓝型油菜双主茎YD4899的选育及表型性状比较分析

Breeding and Comparative Analysis of Phenotypic Traits of Brassica napus Variety YD4899 with Double Main Stem

随着油菜机械化、轻简化高效栽培技术的推广应用,选育高产、耐密植、适宜机械化栽培品种是油菜育种目标之一。YD 4899是通过系谱法选育而成的甘蓝型油菜创新型材料,其双主茎率达47.53%。为探究YD 4988的高产、耐密植、适宜机械化栽培等特性,对YD 4988的表型性状进行比较研究。结果表明,双主茎材料比单主茎平均株高矮8.26 cm,平均分枝部位高31.80 cm,平均一次分枝数多6.09个,平均单株总角果数多103.08个;平均单株产量高18.41 g,平均生物产量多48.46 g,收获指数提高11.47%,平均主花序长度矮5.37 cm,平均主花序角果数相当;然而双主茎比单主茎平均角粒数少1.18粒·角-1、千粒重少0.35 g。该恢复系可为创新型突破性重大品种的培育提供新的育种材料。

With the popularization and application of mechanization, light, simplified and efficient cultivation technology of rapeseed, it is one of the goals of rapeseed breeding to select the varieties with characteristics of high-yield, density-planting tolerance and suitable for mechanized cultivation. YD 4899 is an innovative material of Brassica napus, which was bred by pedigree method, and its double main stem ratio reached 47.53%. To explore the characteristics including high yield, density-planting tolerance and suitable for mechanized cultivation of YD 4988, the phenotypic characters of YD 4988 were compared. The results showed that the average height and the average height of branches in double main stem variety were 8.26 cm and 31.80 cm higher than those of in single main stem one, while the average number of branches and the average number of scones per plant in the former were 6.09 and 103.08 more than those of in the latter, respectively. In addition, the average yield per plant and the average biological yield in double main stem variety were 18.41 g and 48.46 g higher than those of in single main stem variety, and the harvest index in double main stem variety increased by 11.47%. The average length of the inflorescence in former was 5.37 cm shorter than the latter, while the average number of siliques in main inflorescence was the same. However, the average number of seed per pod and 1 000-kernels weight of double main stem variety were 1.18 granule·kernel-1 and 0.35 g less than those of single main stem one. The restorer line could provide new breeding materials for the breeding of innovative and breakthrough varieties.