企业生命周期视角下商业模式与企业绩效关系研究

Research on the Relationship Between Business Model and Enterprise Performance from the Perspective of Enterprise Life Cycle

商业模式对企业绩效有着重要的影响,但现有研究未能就其影响关系达成一致。文章基于动态能力理论和企业生命周期理论,对418家企业进行调查,分析了在动态能力的中介作用下商业模式的新颖性、效率、价值共创性和可持续性四大关键属性对企业绩效的整体影响,并从企业生命周期视角,检验了不同发展阶段商业模式对企业绩效的影响。结果表明,总体而言,商业模式各属性对企业绩效有显著的正向影响,动态能力在商业模式与企业绩效关系中起中介作用。其中,在企业初创期,新颖性正向影响企业绩效,其余属性对企业绩效没有影响,动态能力在商业模式和企业绩效关系中无介作用;在企业成长期,效率和可持续性对企业绩效影响不显著,新颖性和价值共创性对企业绩效有显著的正向影响,动态能力在商业模式和企业绩效关系中起中介作用;在企业成熟期,除价值共创性外,其余属性均对企业绩效产生显著的正向影响,动态能力在商业模式与企业绩效关系中起中介作用。

Business model has an important impact on enterprise performance, but the existing research has failed to reach an agreement on its impact relationship. Based on dynamic capability theory and enterprise life cycle theory, this paper investigates 418 enterprises, and analyzes the overall impact of four key attributes of business model, which are novelty, efficiency, value co-creation and sustainability, on enterprise performance under the mediation of dynamic capability, and tests the impact of business model on enterprise performance at different development stages from the perspective of enterprise life cycle. The results show that, on the whole, the attributes of business model have a significant positive impact on enterprise performance, and dynamic capabilities play a mediating role in the relationship between business model and enterprise performance. Among them, in the start-up period, novelty has a positive impact on firm performance, the other attributes have no impact on firm performance, and dynamic capability has no mediating effect on the relationship between business model and firm performance.In the growth period, efficiency and sustainability have no significant impact on firm performance, but novelty and value co creation have significant positive impact on firm performance, and dynamic capability plays an intermediary role in the relationship between business model and firm performance. In the maturity stage, except value co-creation, other attributes have a significant positive impact on firm performance,and dynamic capability plays a mediating role in the relationship between business model and firm performance.