空军飞行人员人体测量和血液生化指标调查及相关性分析

Investigation and correlation analysis of anthropometry and blood biochemical indexes in Air Force pilots

目的了解空军飞行人员的营养状况及变化规律,探讨飞行人员营养评价的人体测量学指标,为指导飞行人员合理营养、增强体质提供科学依据。方法选择3个飞行部队男性飞行人员共106人,根据《飞行人员营养状况评价》(GJB 4127—2000)规定的要求,测定不同年龄段飞行人员的人体测量指标和血液生化指标,评价飞行人员的营养状况并分析其相关性,其中人体测量指标包括体质指数(BMI)、体脂率(BF%)、内脏脂肪等级、腰围(WC);血液生化指标包括血清甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL)、血尿酸(UA)。结果空军飞行人员的BMI、BF%、内脏脂肪等级、WC与年龄密切相关(P<0.01),TG、TC、UA与年龄无显著相关性(P>0.05),≥40岁飞行人员BMI、BF%、内脏脂肪等级、WC、TG平均值均超过正常值。空军飞行人员的BMI、BF%及内脏脂肪等级与TG、UA呈正相关(P<0.01),与HDL呈显著负相关(P<0.01),BF%与LDL呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论空军飞行人员体质量、体脂率随年龄增加而显著增加,营养相关慢性疾病的发生率与年龄无显著相关性,与身体组成有显著相关性。飞行人员的营养评价应结合各项人体测量指标综合判断,宜将BF%列入飞行人员营养评价的人体测量学指标。

Objective To understand the nutritional status and its changing rule of Air Force pilots,and to explore the anthropometric indexes for nutritional evaluation of pilots,so as to provide scientific basis for guiding rational nutrition and enhancing physical fitness of pilots.Methods A total of 106 male pilots from three flying units were selected.According to the requirements of"Nutritional Status Evaluation of Pilots"(GJB 4127—2000),anthropometric and blood biochemical indexes of pilots of different ages were measured,and the nutritional status of pilots was evaluated and analyzed.The anthropometric indexes included body mass index(BMI),body fat percentage(BF%),visceral fat grade,waist circumference(WC).The blood biochemical indexes included serum triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C),high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL)and uric acid(UA).Results The BMI,BF%,visceral fat grade and WC of Air Force pilots showed an increasing trend year by year,which was closely related to age(P<0.01);TG,TC,and UA showed an increasing trend year by year,and there was no significant correlation with age(P>0.05);the average values of BMI,BF%,visceral fat grade,WC and TG of pilots over 40 years old exceeded the normal range.BMI,BF%and visceral fat grade were positively correlated with TG and UA(P<0.01),negatively correlated with HDL(P<0.01),while BF%was positively correlated with LDL(P<0.05).Conclusion The body mass and body fat of Air Force pilots increase significantly with age.The incidence of nutrition related chronic diseases has no significant correlation with age,but has significant correlation with body composition.It is suggested that BF%be included in the anthropometric index of nutritional assessment for pilots.