室内空气中甲醛检测方法研究进展

Research progress of detection methods for formaldehyde in the indoor air

介绍室内空气中甲醛的检测方法。室内空气中甲醛含量的传统实验室检测方法包括AHMT分光光度法、乙酰丙酮分光光度法、酚试剂分光光度法和气相色谱法,现场检测方法有简便取样仪器检测方法。AHMT分光光度法灵敏度较高、选择性较好,但显色反应时间一致性对检测结果有很大影响;乙酰丙酮分光光度法所用乙酰丙酮显色剂稳定,重复性及选择性较好且不受乙醛干扰,但其灵敏度较低;酚试剂分光光度法灵敏度较高但易受温度影响,且乙醛、丙醛的存在会对检测结果有干扰;气相色谱法具有样品用量少、高灵敏、高效等特点,但其仪器设备价格较高,难以在一般检测实验室普遍推广;简便取样仪器检测方法操作简单,能实现快速检测且携带方便,但其稳定性差异大。短期内传统实验室方法在检测空气中甲醛中继续扮演重要角色,现场简便取样方法的相关仪器设备是未来仪器研发的热点之一。

The detection methods of formaldehyde in indoor air were introduced.Traditional laboratory methods for detecting formaldehyde in indoor air include AHMT spectrophotometry,acetylacetone spectrophotometry,phenol reagent spectrophotometry and gas chromatography.On-site detection method included simple sampling method.The sensitivity and selectivity of AHMT spectrophotometry were higher,but the consistency of color reaction time had a great influence on the result.The acetylacetone chromogenic reagent used in acetylacetone spectrophotometry had good stability,repeatability and selectivity and the method was not interfered by acetaldehyde,but its sensitivity was lower.Phenol reagent spectrophotometry had a higher sensitivity but was easily influenced by temperature,and the existence of acetaldehyde,propyl aldehyde had the interference on the test results.Gas chromatography had the characteristics of low sample consumption,high sensitivity and high efficiency,but the cost of its equipment was slightly higher,it was difficult to popularize in the general testing laboratory.The detection method of the simple sampling had the advantages of simple operation,fast detection and convenient carrying,but its stability varied greatly.In the short term,the traditional laboratory method will continue to play an important role in the detection of formaldehyde in indoor air,the related instrument and equipment of simple sampling method on-site is one of the hot spots of instrument research and development in the future.