江西省中北部区域侵蚀性降雨特征及其降雨侵蚀力研究

Study on the characteristics of erosive rainfall and its rainfall erosivity in the north-central areas of Jiangxi province

基于清水桥小流域、中堡港小流域、燕沟小流域及老虎山小流域水土保持监测站点多年的次降雨资料,研究江西省中北部区域各等级侵蚀性降雨及其降雨侵蚀力特征。结果表明:江西省中北部区域侵蚀性降雨场次整体上以中雨、大雨为主;各季节中,春季降雨次数最多,其后依次为夏季、秋季和冬季;各等级降雨场次在各季节中排列均为中雨>大雨>暴雨>大暴雨。江西省中北部区域年均侵蚀性降雨量为1380.7mm;侵蚀性降雨主要发生在春夏两季,春季以大雨、暴雨为主,夏季以暴雨、大暴雨为主。江西省中北部区域年均降雨侵蚀力为8194.04 MJ·mm/(hm^(2)·h),各等级降雨的降雨侵蚀力随降雨等级增加呈递增趋势;90%左右的降雨侵蚀力主要分配在春、夏两季,秋、冬季占比仅为10%左右。该研究结果可为区域水土流失防治规划、设计、决策等工作提供帮助。

The rainfall data for many years from soil and water conservation monitoring stations in Qingshuiqiao small watershed,Zhongbaogang small watershed,Yangou small watershed and Laohushan small watershed were used to study the characteristics of different grade erosive rainfall and its rainfall erosivity in the north-central areas of Jiangxi province.The results showed that the erosive rainfall events in the north-central areas of Jiangxi province are mainly moderate rainfall and heavy rainfall grade.The number of rainfall events in spring was the most,followed by the value in summer,autumn and winter.The order of the number of rainfall events between different grades in each season was moderate rainfall>heavy rainfall>rainstorm>heavy rainstorm.The average annual erosive rainfall amount of the north-central areas of Jiangxi province was 1380.7mm,and mainly distributed in spring and summer.The heavy rainfall and rainstorm events happened predominantly during spring,and the rainstorm and heavy rainstorm events occur mainly during summer.The average annual rainfall erosivity of the north-central areas of Jiangxi province was 8194.04 MJ·mm/(hm^(2)·h),and the rainfall erosivity of rainfall grades showed an increasing trend with the increase of rainfall grade.About 90%of rainfall erosivity was mainly distributed in spring and summer,and only about 10%in autumn and winter.The research results can be helpful for regional soil and water conservation planning,design and decision making.