航道治理与港口贸易发展(1759—1965年)——克莱德航道治理机构研究

Waterway Governance and Port Trade Development(1759-1965):A Study of the Clyde Navigation Authority

航运一直是商品运输的重要方式,英国作为昔日的海上霸主,航运对其意义不言而喻。格拉斯哥位于苏格兰西部,18世纪开始随着殖民贸易的开展和格拉斯哥工业发展,克莱德航道的条件越来越无法满足船舶通航和贸易开展的需求,因此1759年出现了专门的航道治理机构。在二百年的发展过程中,克莱德航道治理机构不断加入工商业者、船主和纳税人代表等作为决策者,他们作为航道直接使用者,积极参与并推动航道治理工作的开展,实现了决策者、航道治理机构与港口贸易发展之间的良性互动。通过克莱德航道治理机构的航道治理和港口建设,格拉斯哥港口逐渐发展成为英国重要港口之一。

Maritime shipping has always been an important mode of transportation for moving goods,and was particularly significant for the UK as it dominated the sea.With the development of colonial trade and local industry in the18 th century,the demand for deepening the River Clyde,whereupon Glasgow,as a major shipping hub was situated,greatly increased.A governing body,named the Clyde Navigation Authority,was established to improve the navigation of the river following the passage of the Clyde Navigation Act in 1759.Over the course of the next 200 years,many representatives of craftsmen,merchants and rate payers were added to the trustees of the Clyde Navigation Authority.As direct users of the maritime channel,these trustees actively participated in and promoted the conduct of work for improving the navigation of the river,as well as provided and developed needed facilities for the harbor.Positive interactions were displayed among the decision-makers and trustees of the Clyde Navigation Authority,leading to the development of management institutions and an expansion of trade,which ultimately allowed Glasgow to become one of the most significant ports in the UK.