基于高通量测序的大豆根际真菌群落动态变化分析

Analysis of Dynamic Changes of Rhizospheric Fungal Community of Soybean Based on High-throughput Sequencing

为了明确大豆生长过程中根际土壤真菌群落组成及其影响因素,选取黑龙江省农业科学院生态试验田中栽培品种'绥农36号’(ZP)和野生品种(Y1)2种大豆,采用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术分别对种植前期(Pp)、分枝期(Bp)、开花结荚期(Fp)和成熟期(Mp)的根际土壤进行ITS rDNA测定,同时,对以上各时期的土壤理化性质以及真菌群落结构的相关性进行分析。结果表明:从生长期到收获期,真菌多样性和丰富度整体表现为逐渐增多,在收获期时达到较高。测序结果表明,担子菌门(Basidiomycota)和子囊菌门(Ascomycota)是大豆根际真菌群落的优势菌门,在不同时期所占比例约50%;未鉴定分类(f_unidentified_Unclassified)和未分类(Unclassi-fied)的2种菌属为大豆根际的优势菌属,随生长期变化,优势菌门和优势菌属含量出现一定差异。结合其他优势菌群在不同生长时期的变化,表明大豆生长时期的改变影响着其根际真菌群落的动态变化;同时总氮(TN)和有机质(OM)对真菌群落的分布影响较大。研究结果为大豆生长过程中土壤质量、营养状况以及微生态效应的评估提供数据参考和理论依据。

In order to clarify the composition of fungal community and its influencing factors in rhizosphere soil of different growth stages of soybean,cultivar'Suinong36'(ZP)and wild(Y1)cultivar were selected from the ecological experiment field of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,and its ITS rDNA analysis of rhizosphere soil was carried out by using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology in the pre-planting(Pp),branching period(Bp),flowering and podding period(Fp)and mature period(Mp),and the correlation between soil physical and chemical properties and fungal community structure in different growth stages was also analyzed.The results showed thatthe diversity and abundance of fungi increased gradually from the growth stage to the harvest stage and reached a high level at the harvest stage.The sequencing results showed that Basidiomycota and Ascomycota were the predominant phyla in soybean rhizosphere community,accounting for nearly 50%in different periods.f_unidentified_Unclassified and Unclassified were the dominant genus in soybean rhizosphere.With the growth period change,there are some differences in the content of dominant phylum and dominant genus.Combined with the obvious changes of other dominant fungal groups in different growth periods,it can be seen that the changes of soybean growth period determine the dynamic changes of rhizosphere fungal community.At the same time,TN and OM have great influence on the distribution of fungal community.The study provided data support and theoretical basis for the evaluation of rhizosphere soil quality,nutrient changes and microecological effects during soybean growth.