长链非编码RNA在周围神经损伤和神经再生中的调控作用

Regulatory role of long non-coding RNA in peripheral nerve injury and neural regeneration

目的总结长链非编码RNA(long non-coding RNA,lncRNA)在周围神经损伤(peripheral nerve injury,PNI)和神经再生中的调控作用。方法查阅近年国内外相关研究文献,总结lncRNA特征和作用机制,以及lncRNA在PNI和神经再生过程中的调控作用。结果 PNI后常伴有神经性疼痛和失神经性肌萎缩,严重影响患者生活质量。许多lncRNA在PNI后上调,通过对神经兴奋性和神经炎症的调控来促进神经性疼痛发展,少量lncRNA也被发现促进失神经性肌萎缩。但PNI后神经可一定程度再生,lncRNA可通过促进神经元的轴突生长和雪旺细胞的增殖、迁移来促进周围神经再生。结论目前关于lncRNA调控PNI和神经再生的研究仍处于起步阶段,其具体作用机制有待进一步研究,如何实现实验结果的临床转化也是未来研究一大挑战。

Objective To summarize the regulatory role of long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)in peripheral nerve injury(PNI)and neural regeneration.Methods The characteristics and mechanisms of lncRNA were summarized and its regulatory role in PNI and neural regeneration were elaborated by referring to relevant domestic and foreign literature in recent years.Results Neuropathic pain and denervated muscle atrophy are common complications of PNI,affecting patients’quality of life.Numerous lncRNAs are upregulated after PNI,which promote the progress of neuropathic pain by regulating nerve excitability and neuroinflammation.Several lncRNAs are found to promote the progress of denervated muscle atrophy.Importantly,peripheral nerve regeneration occurs after PNI.LncRNAs promote peripheral nerve regeneration through promoting neuronal axonal outgrowth and the proliferation and migration of Schwann cells.Conclusion At present,the research on lncRNA regulating PNI and neural regeneration is still in its infancy.The specific mechanism remains to be further explored.How to achieve clinical translation of experimental results is also a major challenge for future research.