2018年吉林市大气污染物浓度变化及其与气象因素的相关性分析

VARIATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANTS CONCENTRATIONS AND THEIR CORRELATION WITH METEOROLOGICAL FACTOR IN JILIN CITY IN 2018

采用统计学方法、Pearson相关系数法和线性回归法研究分析了2018年吉林市大气污染物SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、CO和O_(3)浓度的变化特征、污染物浓度之间的相关性以及污染物与气象因素的相关性。结果表明:1)吉林市大气环境中O_(3)、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)日均值超标率分别为1.06%、3.27%和7.14%,颗粒物、O_(3)及其前体物质为治理重点;CO、SO_(2)、NO_(2)、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)春、冬季污染较重,夏季污染最轻;大气环境中的污染物浓度随季节、时刻及人类活动发生周期性变化;2)PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)、PM_(2.5)和CO、NO_(2)和CO浓度之间高度相关(相关系数r均>0.8),并建立了其预测线性模型;3)污染物(O_(3)除外)浓度与温度、风速和混合层高度呈负相关,与气压呈正相关;降水对SO_(2)、PM_(10)和PM_(2.5)浓度具有一定的削减作用,降水后其浓度减少的次数占总降水次数的68.75%、84.38%和78.13%;吉林市污染最严重的颗粒物受气象因素中混合层高度、风速和降水影响较大。该研究成果可为日后吉林市开展大气污染治理、区域大气环境容量测算、空气污染潜势预报等研究提供参考。

The statistical method,Pearson correlation coefficient method and linear regression method were adopted to analyse the variation characteristics of the concentrations of SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10),PM_(2.5),CO and O_(3),the correlation between pollutants concentrations,as well as the relationship between pollutants and meteorological factors in Jilin city in 2018.The results showed that:1)the exceeding standard rate of daily average value of O_(3),PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentrations in Jilin city account for 1.06%,3.27%and 7.14%,respectively;consequently,air pollution control should focus on particles,O_(3) and their precursors;the pollution of CO,SO_(2),NO_(2),PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) were more serious in spring and winter,and the less in summer;the concentration of pollutants varied periodically with seasons,hour and human activities.2)The concentrations of PM_(10) and PM_(2.5),PM_(2.5) and CO,as well as NO_(2) and CO,were highly correlated with each other(correlation coefficients r were all above 0.8),and the prediction linear model was established in this research.3)The concentration of pollutants(except O_(3))was negatively correlated with temperature,wind speed and mixed layer height,but positively correlated with air pressure;precipitation had a certain reduction effect on SO_(2),PM_(10) and PM_(2.5) concentration,the percentage of pollutant concentration reduced after precipitation were 68.75%,84.38%and 78.13%,respectively;the particles,the most seriously pollutant in Jilin city,were greatly affected by mixed height,wind speed and precipitation.This study could provide references for air pollution control,calculation of regional atmospheric environmental capacity and prediction of air pollution potential and elated researches in Jilin city.