围孕期增补叶酸对子代哮喘及过敏性疾病的影响

Effect of folic acid supplementation during pregnancy on childhood asthma and allergic diseases

哮喘是一种复杂的、异质性的慢性炎症疾病,致病机制尚不清楚,关于儿童哮喘及过敏性疾病的危险因素一直是研究热点。叶酸作为人体的必需营养素之一,在围孕期适量增补叶酸能够显著降低胎儿神经管缺陷等先天性异常的发生风险,同时,一些研究也发现增补叶酸会影响子代哮喘及过敏性疾病发生的风险,但是尚未得出一致结论。目前的研究仍存在一些问题,同时,叶酸增补的远期健康效应也值得随访追踪。

Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous chronic inflammatory disease with unclear pathogenesis.The risk factors of childhood asthma and allergic diseases have been the focus of research.As an essential nutrient,folic acid′s supplementation during pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of neural tube defects and other congenital abnormalities.At the same time,some studies have found that folic acid supplementation can affect the risk of asthma and allergic diseases in offspring.There are still some problems with the current researches.Meanwhile,further follow-up studies are warranted to explore the long-term health effects of folic acid supplementation.