注意缺陷多动障碍与肠道菌群的关系研究进展

Research progress on the relationship between attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and gut microbiota

注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)是儿童最常见的神经发育障碍之一,表现为与发育程度不相符的注意力不集中、多动、冲动,并伴有社交、学业等方面的功能损害。目前ADHD的病因尚不清楚,普遍认为ADHD是由遗传、环境及其交互作用共同引起的一种行为疾病,可能与额叶纹状体脑功能障碍和单胺神经递质系统功能受损有关。不同的肠道菌群可产生不同的神经递质,通过微生物-肠-脑轴的双向交流参与对中枢神经系统的调控。因此,了解肠道菌群、微生物-肠-脑轴和ADHD之间的相互作用可能为ADHD的早期干预和治疗开辟新的途径。

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is one of the most common neurodevelopmental disorders in children,which is characterized by inattention,hyperactivity and impulsivity that are not consistent with the developmental level,accompanied by functional impairment in social and academic performance.At present,the etiology of ADHD is not yet clear.It is generally believed that ADHD is a kind of behavioral disease caused by genetics,environment and their interaction,which may be related to dysfunction of the fronto-striatal brain and monoamine neurotransmitter system.Different gut microbiota can produce different neurotransmitters,participating in the regulation of the central nervous system through bidirectional communication of microbiota-gut-brain axis.Therefore,it will open up a new way for early intervention and treatment of ADHD.