家庭肠内营养对老年髋部骨折病人术后人体成分的影响

Effects of family enteral nutrition on body composition of postoperative elderly patients with hip fracture

目的:研究家庭肠内营养(EN)对老年髋部骨折病人术后人体成分的影响,为推进家庭EN提供科学依据。方法:选取2019年6月~2020年5月在新桥医院骨科诊断为髋部骨折,行全髋或半髋关节置换的老年病人156例,按照随机数字表分为两组。对照组采用常规院外饮食宣教,实验组采用EN联合个体化食谱定制。两组病人均在出院当天、出院后1个月时行人体成分分析,Harris髋关节功能评分,并记录两组病人血浆蛋白水平及伤口愈合情况。结果:出院后1个月,实验组病人体质量、骨骼肌、体脂肪、蛋白质、血浆蛋白水平、Harris评分均明显优于对照组(P<0.05),伤口愈合不良发生率也明显低于对照组(1.4%vs 8.5%,P<0.05)。结论:合理的家庭EN能显著改善老年髋部骨折病人的营养状况,增加机体瘦体组织,促进伤口愈合及康复。

Objective:To study the effects of family enteral nutrition on the body composition of postoperative elderly patients with hip fracture,and to provide scientific basis for promoting family enteral nutrition.Methods:One hundred and fifty-six elderly patients who were diagnosed as hip fracture in the department of orthopedics of Xinqiao Hospital from June 2019 to May 2020 were divided into two groups according to the random number table.Patients in the control group received routine diet education,while those in the experimental group adopted enteral nutrition combined with individualized diet.On the day of discharge and one month after discharge,the patients in both groups underwent body composition analysis.The Harris hip function score,the level of plasma protein,and wound healing were evaluated and recorded.Results:One month after discharge,the body weight,levels of skeletal muscle,body fat,protein,and plasma protein,as well as Harris score in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).The incidence of poor wound healing was also significantly lower than that in the control group(1.4%vs 8.5%,P<0.05).Conclusion:Family enteral nutrition can significantly improve the nutritional status of postoperative elderly patients with hip fracture,increase lean body tissue,and promote wound healing.