厌食症发病机制及防治对策

Pathogenesis and treatment of anorexia

厌食症是指病人缺乏进食欲望,食之无味,营养摄入不足以维持正常的机体需求。老年群体、肿瘤病人、年轻女性等都有可能因病理或心理因素罹患厌食症,其中多达80%的晚期癌症病人经历过厌食-恶病质综合征,对其生活质量和生存预后产生严重的负面影响,增加了治疗失败、药物毒性和副作用的风险,加速病情恶化。一旦厌食症引起体质量下降、骨骼肌减少,常规的营养支持难以完全缓解,疾病相关死亡率将显著升高。早期发现并给予针对性治疗对于防治厌食、减少营养不良的发生具有重要意义。本文就厌食症的发病机制及防治对策予以综述,以期为进一步的临床和基础研究提供参考。

Anorexia refers to the lack of desire or taste for food,resulting in insufficient nutritional intake to maintain normal body needs.The elderly,cancer patients,young women,etc.are all likely to suffer from anorexia due to pathological or psychological factors.As many as 80%of advanced cancer patients have experienced anorexia-cachexia syndrome,which has a serious negative impact on their quality of life and survival prognosis,and increases the risk of treatment failure,drug toxicity and side effects.Once anorexia causes weight or muscle loss,conventional nutrition support cannot be completely relieved,along with accelerated deterioration.Early detection and targeted treatment are of great significance for preventing anorexia and reducing malnutrition.This article reviewed the pathogenesis and treatment of anorexia in order to provide references for further clinical and basic research.