“双碳”与“新基建”背景下特高压输电技术的发展机遇

Opportunity for Developing Ultra High Voltage Transmission Technology Under the Emission Peak,Carbon Neutrality and New Infrastructure

随着"新基建"概念的提出与完善,以5G通信、特高压、城际交通、新能源汽车充电桩、大数据中心、人工智能、工业物联网七大领域为核心的新型基础设施建设方向基本确定。文中通过阐述"新基建"的现状与趋势,结合中国"碳达峰、碳中和"政策的推行,考虑中国资源、人口分布不均的国情与特高压输电技术的优缺点,对"新基建"下特高压输电技术的发展机遇进行探讨。分析结果表明,中国能源与经济总量位列世界前茅,但人均GDP与人均能源消耗量与发达国家相比仍有一定差距,且二氧化碳排放量全球第一,面临经济发展和环境保护的双重压力。一方面,以5G通信、人工智能为新经济增长点的"新基建"将为中国带来可观的能源建设需求,大容量、远距离的特高压输电技术在中国"西电东送"能源战略中将发挥关键性作用,为"新基建"提供可靠的能源保障,为"碳达峰、碳中和"提供灵活的清洁能源消纳调配。另一方面,"新基建"中以5G通信、人工智能、工业物联网为代表的新技术将促进特高压输电技术的发展与应用。在"新基建"背景下,特高压输电技术面临新的能源与环保需求,将有力带动电力行业、国家经济的发展,为实现"碳达峰、碳中和"提供有效的解决方案。

With the development of‘the new infrastructure’in China,the infrastructure construction including 5 G communication,ultra-high voltage transmission,intercity transportation,charging piles for new energy vehicles,big data center,artificial intelligence and industrial internet of things have been confirmed.By demonstrating the present situation and the tendency of‘new infrastructure’,considering the unbalanced distribution of resources and the population in our country,in combination with the advantages of ultra-high voltage transmission technology and the implementation of‘emission peak,carbon neutrality’in China,the opportunity and prospects of ultra-high voltage transmission technology under the‘new infrastructure’are presented.The results show that,though energy consumption and GDP(Gross Domestic Product)rank top in the world,the GDP per capita and energy consumption per capita in China are much lower compared with the developed countries.Given that the CO2 emission ranks first in the world,China faces the dual pressure of economic development and environmental protection.On the one hand,as new economic growth points,the‘new infrastructure’with 5 G communication and artificial intelligence will bring considerable energy construction demands for China.The ultra-high voltage transmission technology will play an important role in China’s‘West-east power transmission’energy strategy,providing energy security for the‘new infrastructure’,flexible consumption and deployment of renewable energy for‘emission peak,carbon neutrality’.On the other hand,the new technologies including 5 G communication,artificial intelligence and industrial internet of things in the‘new infrastructure’will promote the ultra-high voltage transmission technology.With the development of‘new infrastructure’,ultra-high voltage transmission technology faces new energy construction and environment protection demands,promotes the development of the electrical industry and national economy in China,and provides an effective solution for achieving the goal of‘emission peak,carbon neutrality’.