河南荥阳官庄遗址铸铜技术与金属资源变迁初步研究

The Preliminary Reasearch on Copper Casting Technology and Metal Resources Changes of Guanzhuang Site,Xingyang,Henan Province

对荥阳官庄遗址近年发掘的部分铸铜遗物进行显微物相及成分分析,铜渣块均为青铜熔炼渣,产品以铅锡青铜为主,部分样品锡含量较低,与春秋早期中原各诸侯国青铜器的合金技术面貌近同。官庄遗址大部分熔炼渣及铜器与同出的纯铅块具有一致的铅同位素比值;铸铜生产最早及最晚阶段的少数实例,分别与扶风李家及新郑中行铸铜作坊的铅同位素比值特征一致,填补了春秋早期金属资源序列的缺环。综合合金技术、铅料资源及已报道的制范技术,能够初步探讨春秋早中期铸铜作坊技术与资源的变迁。

Microscopic observation and composition analysis are carried out to research some bronze pieces and smelting slags excavated from Guanzhuang site in recent years.The bronze-smelting slags reflect that the products are mainly lead-tin bronze,and some samples have low tin content.The alloying technology is consistent with bronze vessels in the Central Plain during the 8 th to 7 th century B.C.Most of the smelting slags,bronze pieces and a small lead block excavated from Guanzhuang have similarities on lead isotope ratios.The lead isotope ratios of a few examples of the earliest and latest stages of the site are each consistent with smelting slags from Zhouyuan Lijia and Xinzheng Zhonghang Site,which could fill the gap of the metal resource sequence in the 8 th to 7 th century B.C.Combining alloying technology,types of lead resources,and the reported production technology of clay moulds,it is possible to preliminarily discuss the changes of technology and resources in bronze casting workshop in the early and mid-Spring and Autumn period.