凝血相关分子在病毒感染方面的研究进展

Advances in Research on Coagulation⁃related Molecules During Antiviral Immune Responses

从生物进化角度,天然免疫系统、凝血系统、获得性免疫系统依次产生,且三者存在千丝万缕的联系。以病毒为研究对象对凝血系统作为免疫系统的一个独立部分进行研究,分两部分:感染初期,通过对凝血系统的调控来加强天然免疫和获得性免疫的对话,以此"通畅气血""增强免疫力",清除体内病毒;感染末期合并细菌感染,对凝血系统进行快速干预,既调动该系统自身的免疫力,也疏通天然免疫和获得性免疫的交流通道,有效逆转DIC状态挽救生命,为此,首先要了解各凝血相关分子在抗病毒感染中的作用。本综述分别介绍了多种病毒侵入后,所导致机体凝血功能紊乱的特点,以及在感染过程中凝血相关分子与免疫关联性特征,即病毒毒力分子如何通过调节凝血相关分子的表达,来影响免疫细胞的功能。同时,病毒毒力因子导致免疫系统的改变,又是如何间接影响凝血相关反应。将为包括新型冠状病毒在内的所有病毒的防控提供新的思路。

The concept,drawing form evolution,the innate immune system,coagulation system,and acquired immune system appeared in turn,and the three systems are inextricably linked.As an independent part of the immune system,the blood coagulation system has been studied recently.During the early stage of viral infetion,the coagulation system plays a role in connecting the innate immunity and acquired immunity by blood vessel to keep the circulation and immune responses functioning properly.In the later stage,when coinfected with bacteria,regulation of coagulation systems with immune factors is the quick method to rescue life.This review focuses on the characteristics of the invasion of multiple viruses leading to the disorder of coagulation function and immune regulation,and the cross⁃talk between coagulation factors and immune system,that is,how virus virulence molecules affect the function of immune cells by regulating the expression of coagulation⁃related molecules.All researches will help us to understand new functions of coagulation system and provide different treatments for severe viral infectious diseases.