从资本“权力”迈向人的“权利”——基于《资本论》的新阐释

From "Power" of Capital to "Right" of Human Being——New Interpretation Based on Capital

《资本论》既是“诊断”资本主义社会弊病的“百科全书”,也是马克思运用历史科学对资本如何演变为资本“权力”的系统性分析。从资本与资本主义制度“歃血为盟”至形而上学化身为资本逻辑,马克思以历史唯物主义考察了资本的“运动轨迹”,在分析商品、货币、资本等“物与物”之间的关系,指向了“物与物”背后下“人与人”的社会关系以及如何扬弃资本“权力”迈入人的“自由个性”的路径,完成了《黑格尔法哲学批判》的未竟事业。从资本“权力”到人的“权利”角度解读《资本论》,既是对马克思政治哲学的历史属性还原,更是对“第二个一百年”马克思主义政治经济学在新征程的新启示。

Das Kapital is not only an encyclopedia to"diagnose"the ills of capitalist society,but also a systematic analysis of how capital evolves into capital"power"by Marx using historical science.From the"blood alliance"between capital and capitalist system to the metaphysical incarnation of capital logic,Marx examined the"movement track"of capital with historical materialism,and analyzed the relationship between goods,money,capital and other"things",It points to the social relationship of"people"behind"things"and how to develop and discard capital"power"into"free personality"of people,and completes the unfinished business of critique of Hegel's philosophy of law.From the perspective of capital"power"to"right",the interpretation of capital is not only the restoration of the historical attribute of Marx's political philosophy,but also the new enlightenment of the"second century"of Marxist political economy in the new journey.