社会经济特征与老年流动人口慢性病患病状况相关性研究

Research on Correlation Between the Socioeconomic Characteristics and the Prevalence of Chronic Diseases in Elderly Floating Population

目的:分析我国老年流动人口慢性病流行现状及其与社会经济特征的关系,为做好老年人口慢性病防控工作提供依据。方法:利用国家卫生健康委流动人口服务中心《中国流动人口卫生计生动态监测健康数据》,采用结构方程模型分析社会经济特征对老年流动人口慢性病的作用路径。结果:我国60岁及以上流动人口高血压和糖尿病患病率分别为31.92%(2009/6293)和9.55%(601/6293),高血压和糖尿病的共患病率为5.40%(340/6293)。结构方程模型提示,职业(男,β=-0.070;女,β=-0.065)和医疗保险(男,β=0.114;女,β=0.049)对男性和女性老年流动人口慢性病均有直接作用,其中职业(男,β=-0.099;女,β=-0.049)对慢性病有间接效应,且总效应(男,β=-0.169;女,β=-0.115)最强;家庭月均收入和住房性质对男性和女性老年流动人口慢性病患病状况均只有间接作用;受教育程度通过职业、医疗保险和自评健康对男性老年流动人口慢性病患病状况有间接作用(均P<0.05)。结论:我国老年流动人口高血压、糖尿病等慢性病患病率较高,社会经济因素与慢性病患病状况相关且存在性别差异,建议在慢性病防控工作中考虑社会经济特征对老年流动人口慢性病的影响。

Objective:To analyze the status quo of the prevalence of chronic diseases among the elderly floating population in China and the correlation between the prevalence of chronic diseases and the socioeconomic characteristics,so as to provide references for taking measures to prevent and control the chronic diseases of the elderly population.Methods:The health data of China Migrants Dynamic Survey on Health and Family Planning of Migrant Population Service Center of National Health Commission were used and the structural equation modeling was adopted to analyze the mechanism of socioeconomic characteristics on chronic diseases of the elderly floating population.Results:The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes among the floating population aged 60 and over in China was 31.92%(2009/6293)and 9.55%(601/6293),respectively.The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 5.40%(340/6293).The structural equation modeling suggested that occupation(maleβ=-0.070,femaleβ=-0.065)and medical insurance(maleβ=0.114,femaleβ=0.049)had direct effects on chronic diseases of male and female elderly floating population,among which occupation(maleβ=-0.099,femaleβ=-0.049)had an indirect effect on chronic diseases and the total effect(maleβ=-0.169,femaleβ=-0.115)was the strongest.The average monthly household income and the housing status had only indirect effects on the prevalence of chronic diseases of male and female elderly floating population.The education level had an indirect effect on the prevalence of chronic diseases of male elderly floating population through occupation,medical insurance and self-rated health(all P<0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of chronic diseases such as hypertension and diabetes among the elderly floating population in China is relatively high.The socioeconomic characteristics are related to the prevalence of chronic diseases and there are gender differences.It is recommended to consider the influence of the socioeconomic characteristics on chronic diseases of the elderly floating population during the prevention and control of chronic diseases.