第104届普利策特稿叙事策略与传播效果探析

An Analysis on Narrative Tactics andCommunication Effects of the 104th Pulitzer Prize for Feature Writing

普利策特稿每年精选唯一作品获奖,与普利策特稿具体届数等量齐观。《关塔那摩最黑暗的秘密》以独特高超的叙事策略,获得第104届普利策唯一特稿奖。叙事语法上,打破编年顺序,以核心事件为中心,建立立体叙事场域,还原动态新闻事实;小范围时间畸变,厘清真相;蒙太奇式空间叙事手法消除时间倒错的分离感。叙事视角上,重新赋权的非聚焦视角,尊重信息原态,减缓叙事节奏,掌握叙事主动权;采用自我阉割的非聚焦的视角,徐徐图之渐续展开真相;以日记为切入点的内聚焦保证专业性。叙事者身份上,渐续隐蔽的叙事者身份,保证故事的独立性;公开叙事者的身份时,用适当贴切的方式进行价值引导。第104届普利策特稿奖灵活运用叙事策略,让整个事件以最自由的姿态呈现在读者面前,带给读者沉浸式的阅读体验,产生积极的传播效果。

There are only one article that won the Pulitzer Prize for feature writing,which carries absolute authority.Guantánamo’s Darkest Secret won the 104th Pulitzer Prize for feature writing with its special and excellent narrative strategies.In terms of narrative grammar,it breaks the chronological order,constructs a three-dimensional narrative space around core events,presents dynamic news;It clarifies the truth under small-scale Spatio-temporal distortion and eliminates the sense of separateness brought by Spatio-temporal distortion montage-style spatial with Montage technique.In terms of narrative perspective,it represents the facts under the re-empowered non-focused perspective,keeps the narrative initiative,slows down the narrative tempo;adopting a self-limiting non-focused perspective,it presents the facts unhurriedly.Using the diaries of the parties as the point of penetration ensures the objectivity of the news.From the perspective of the narrator,the gradually hidden narrator ensures the independence of the story;the overt narrator conducts value-guidance in appropriate ways.By these flexible narrative strategies,Guantánamo’s Darkest Secret presents the whole events to readers in the dimension of history giving readers an immersive reading experience and having positive communication effects.