自动汽车的事故和刑事责任:基于日本刑法学的视角

Accident and Criminal Responsibility of Automatic Vehicle:From the Perspective of Japanese Criminal Law

随着人工智能技术的发展,自动驾驶技术的刑法应对已经引起日本刑法学者的关注与重视。其中,交通事故和产品事故的问题是最先需要解决的命题。关于与自动驾驶技术有关的交通事故,刑事责任的认定应综合预见义务、结果回避义务和信赖原则等因素予以判断。关于与自动驾驶技术有关产品事故,应该在实行行为的主体特定化的基础上,根据不同层级的自动驾驶的技术区别和事故原因,确定刑事责任的类型。

With the development of artificial intelligence technology,the criminal law regulation of automatic driving technology has attracted the attention of Japanese criminal law scholars.The traffic accidents and product accidents are the most important problems to be resolved.Among the traffic accidents in relation to automatic driving technology,the cognisance of criminal responsibility should consider the duty of foresight,the duty of avoidance of result and the principle of trust.Regarding the product accidents in relation to automatic driving technology,the cognisance of criminal responsibility should consider technical differences and accident causes of automatic driving.