不同溴系阻燃剂在阻燃ABS中燃烧行为与热行为

Combustion Behaviors and Thermal Behaviors of Different Bromine Flame Retardants in Flame Retardant ABS

将四种不同的溴系阻燃剂十溴二苯乙烷(DBDPE)、溴化环氧(BEO)、溴代三嗪(BrN)、四溴双酚A(TBBA)在溴素质量分数10%条件下与三氧化二锑复配,然后加入到丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯塑料(ABS)中制备阻燃ABS材料,研究了这四种溴系阻燃剂阻燃ABS的燃烧行为和阻燃剂热行为之间的关系。结果表明,对于添加阻燃剂DBDPE和BEO的ABS试样,当其厚度为1.5,2 mm时,垂直燃烧阻燃等级只能达到V-2级,在锥形量热测试中,燃烧前期的热释放速率(HRR)和总热释放量(THR)也都高于添加阻燃剂BrN和TBBA的ABS试样;对于添加阻燃剂TBBA的ABS试样,当其厚度为1.5 mm时,垂直燃烧阻燃等级就可以达到V-0级,但是在锥形量热测试中,THR和HRR峰值(PHRR)较高;对于添加阻燃剂BrN的ABS试样,当其厚度为1.5 mm时,垂直燃烧阻燃等级可以达到V-0级,在锥形量热测试中,THR和平均有效燃烧热都低于其它阻燃ABS试样,这与四种阻燃剂的初始分解温度和分解速率有很大的关系,DBDPE和BEO初始分解温度高,TBBA初始分解温度低,但是分解速率快,BrN的初始分解温度高于TBBA,低于DBDPE和BEO,而分解速率较TBBA慢,所以整体表现的阻燃效果最佳。

Four different bromine flame retardants such as 1,2-bis(pentabromophenyl)ethane(DBDPE),brominated epoxy(BEO),tri(tribromophenyl)cyanurate(BrN),and tetrabromobisphenol A(TBBA)with the same 10%(mass fraction)bromine were compounded with antimony trioxide,and they were used to blend with acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene plastic(ABS)for preparing flame retardant ABS materials.The relationship between the combustion behaviors of the flame retardant ABS materials and the thermal behaviors of the flame retardants was studied.The results show that,when the thickness of sample is 1.5 mm or 2 mm,the vertical combustion flame retardant grade of the ABS sample with DBDPE or BEO only reaches V-2,and in the cone calorimetry test,the heat release rate(HRR)and total heat release(THR)in the early stage of combustion are higher than those of the ABS sample with BrN or TBBA.The flame retardant grade of ABS sample containing TBBA with 1.5 mm thickness can reach V-0,but the HRR and THR are higher than those of other flame retardant ABS.The flame retardant grade of ABS sample containing BrN with 1.5 mm thickness can reach V-0,and the HRR and average effective heat of combustion are lower than those of other flame retardant ABS.The results have a great relationship with the initial decomposition temperature and decomposition rate of the four flame retardants.The initial decomposition temperature of DBDPE or BEO is higher,the initial decomposition temperature of TBBA is lowest,but the decomposition rate of TBBA is fast,the initial decomposition temperature of BrN is higher than that of TBBA and lower than that of DBDPE or BEO,but the decomposition rate is slower than that of TBBA,so the comprehensive flame retardant effect of BrN is best.