刑事诉讼法视域下错案形成原因及其防治

The Causes of Misjudged Cases from the Perspective of Criminal Procedure Law and Countermeasures

刑事错案形成原因有证据收集的偏向性、“口供主义”盛行、检察机关监督职能弱化、舆论压力、轻视辩护意见、事实认定困难、盲目疑罪从轻等。刑事错案的防治应当以《刑事诉讼法》的原则理念为指导,完善错案责任制,坚持无罪推定,落实非法证据排除规则,完善证人制度,加强公检法的监督制约,以及健全错案申诉机制。

The reasons of misjudged criminal cases include the bias of evidence collection,the prevalence of confession and inquisition by torture,the weakening of the supervision function of procuratorate,the pressure of public opinion,the contempt of defense opinions,the difficulty of fact determination,and the lenient treatment of suspected crime blindly.In order to prevent the misjudged cases,we should follow the principles of the criminal procedure law,then improve the responsibility system of misjudged cases,adhere to the presumption of innocence,implement the rule of excluding illegal evidence,improve the witness system,strengthen the supervision and restriction of judicial organs,and improve the appeal mechanism of misjudged cases.