铁死亡调控机制的研究进展

The molecular mechanisms of ferroptosis

铁死亡是新发现的一种程序性细胞死亡方式。铁死亡的主要特征包括细胞内游离Fe 2+介导的芬顿反应、细胞膜脂质的脂质过氧化反应以及抗脂质氧化活性被抑制的胞内谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4。铁死亡分子调控机制较为复杂,涉及铁离子代谢、脂质过氧化反应和谷胱甘肽代谢等多个生物学过程。铁死亡与肿瘤、神经系统疾病、缺血再灌注损伤、肾脏损伤、血液病等多种疾病的病理过程密切相关。利用小分子化合物调控铁死亡干预相关疾病的发生和发展,已成为病因学研究和治疗的热点和焦点。回顾了铁死亡的典型特征和分子调控机制,总结了铁死亡相关小分子化合物的应用,为探寻铁死亡相关疾病研究提供新的参考靶点。

Ferroptosis is a newly discovered mode of programmed cell death.The main biological features of ferroptosis are the free iron mediate Fenton reaction,lipid peroxidation of cell membrane lipids,and inhibition of lipid peroxide repair capacity of GPX4.The molecular regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis are complex,involving multiple biological processes such as iron metabolism,lipid peroxidation reactions and glutathione metabolism.Ferroptosis is associated with various diseases,including tumors,neurological disorders,ischemia/reperfusion injury,renal injury,hematological diseases and many other diseases.The use of small-molecule compounds to modulate ferroptosis to intervene in the occurrence and development of related diseases has become a hotspot and focus of etiological research and treatment.This paper reviewed the typical features and molecular regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis,summarized the application of iron death-related small molecule compounds,which would provide new reference targets for exploring iron death-related disease research.