基于无线传感器网络的森林生态系统观测试验平台构建

Design of Forest Ecosystem Observation Experiment Platform based on Wireless Sensor Networks

在长时间尺度上监测和评价森林生态过程的状态变量是当前森林生态系统观测研究的热点问题之一。针对森林生态系统观测站观测数据实时传输存储不畅、数据共享度低、数据碎片化严重、大数据分析平台建设薄弱、森林火灾实时预测预警缺乏等问题,下蜀林场综合观测试验平台结合遥感技术、涡度相关技术、样方调查技术和无线传感器网络技术实现了森林生态系统水、土、气、生各要素长期的连续的综合观测,提供了森林生态系统与大气之间的碳收支数据、水通量数据、能量通量数据、气象数据的实时自动存储及显示,森林生态系统服务功能及价值量的存储及显示,实现了对森林火灾的监控以及森林火险的预测预警。试验平台可为森林生态系统长期自动化观测提供借鉴。

Monitoring and evaluating the state variables and fluxes of forest ecological processes on a long-term scale is one of the hot topics of current forest ecosystem observation research. In order to solve the problems of real-time transmission and storage of observation data of forest ecosystem observation stations,low data sharing,severe data fragmentation,weak construction of big data analysis platforms,and lack of real-time forest fire prediction and warning system,this paper used the remote sensing,eddy covariance technique,field investigation and Wireless Sensor Networks(WSN)technology to observe the spatial and temporal dynamics of carbon budget,water flux,and energy flux in Xiashu Forest Farm. We also developed a Data Visualization Platform Software(DVPS)to store and show the forest ecosystem observation data. Based on those data,DVPS can fulfill the monitoring of forest fires and the forecast and early warning of forest fire risks. DVPS also provides real-time display of carbon balance data,water flux data,energy flux data,and meteorological data between the forest ecosystem and the atmosphere,and the display of forest ecosystem service functions and its value. This experiment provides reference for the integrating of WSN,remote sensing and eddy correlation technology in long-term comprehensive observation experiments of forest ecosystems.