植物品种权交易过程中的博弈分析

Game Analysis in the Process of Variety Rights Transactions

品种权的交易在种业发展的过程中起到重要的作用。在交易达成的过程中,知识资源在育种主体和种子企业之间有效合理的流动对优良品种社会价值和商业价值的实现至关重要。随着我国植物品种权立法的完善和申请授权数量的增加,在育种者获得品种权后,如何完善品种权交易运作机制,优化品种权交易平台和条件,促进品种权的合理流动,实现品种权价值最大化,是目前亟待解决的问题。基于育种主体和种子企业合作行为的分析,分别建立基于知识势差和声誉价值的博弈模型进行比较分析,分析发现知识势差的存在会诱导交易主体投机,声誉机制的建立有利于降低交易双方投机风险。研究建议建立以市场机制为核心的托管交易、信誉评定的第三方服务平台,通过第三方平台对品种权交易主体行为的评估进而揭示并传播主体信誉价值的变化,信誉价值高的主体享受增值服务,进而抑制投机行为提高合作效率。

Variety rights trading plays an important role in the development of the seed industry.In the process of closing the transaction,the effective and reasonable flow of knowledge resources between the breeding entities and the seed enterprises is crucial to the realization of the social and commercial values??of high-quality varieties.With the improvement of plant variety rights legislation in my country and the increase in the number of application authorizations,after breeders obtain variety rights,how to improve the operation mechanism of variety rights trading,optimize variety rights trading platforms and conditions,promote the reasonable flow of variety rights,and realize variety rights Maximizing value is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.Based on the analysis of the cooperative behavior of breeding subjects and seed companies,a game model based on knowledge gap and reputation value was established for comparative analysis.The analysis found that the existence of knowledge gap would induce speculation by the transaction subject,and the establishment of a reputation mechanism would help reduce speculation by both parties.risk.The research suggests establishing a third-party service platform for custodial transactions and credit evaluation centered on market mechanisms.The third-party platform evaluates the behavior of the subject of variety rights transactions and then reveals and disseminates the changes in the subject's reputation value.The subjects with high reputation value enjoy value-added services,thereby inhibiting speculation and improving cooperation efficiency.