云南省马铃薯疮痂链霉菌种群分布及环境相关因子分析

Population distribution and environment related factors of Streptomyces spp.on potato in Yunnan

【目的】明确云南省马铃薯疮痂链霉菌(Streptomyces spp.)种群分布特征及环境影响因子,为研究疮痂链霉菌遗传多样性、生态多样性及病害防控提供理论参考。【方法】以从云南省13个马铃薯种植区春冬两季分离得到的67株疮痂病链霉菌为研究对象,调查其在不同区域、季节和马铃薯品种上的分离频率和种类,分析地理纬度、海拔、土壤pH、容重和孔隙度与疮痂链霉菌分离频率和种类的相关性,并通过主成分分析揭示影响疮痂链霉菌分布的主要环境因子。【结果】调查发现,云南省疮痂链霉菌的种类和分离频率存在明显区域性差异,其中昆明和曲靖分别分离得到5种疮痂链霉菌,分离频率分别为19.40%和17.91%;丽薯6号品种上分离获得的疮痂链霉菌种类为10种,分离频率为86.57%,而合作88品种仅分离获得S.enissocaesilis,分离频率为13.43%;春季种植区疮痂链霉菌的分离频率为70.15%,明显高于冬季种植区的29.85%。春季种植区疮痂链霉菌的分离频率及种类随纬度上升均呈下降趋势,与海拔存在二项式相关;冬季种植区疮痂链霉菌的分离频率和种类在北纬24°~25°区域均最高,在北纬23°~24°和25°01′区域均有所下降,与海拔存在二项式相关性;在不同土壤物理条件下疮痂链霉菌的分离频率和种类与pH、容重及孔隙度存在二项式相关。主成分分析结果表明,pH、纬度和海拔是影响疮痂链霉菌分离频率的主要因素,纬度和海拔是影响疮痂链霉菌种类的主要因素。【结论】马铃薯疮痂链霉菌分布受种植季节、马铃薯品种、地理纬度、海拔及土壤pH的影响较大,生产中可利用疮痂链霉菌与环境因子的相互关系来控制病原菌的生长和繁殖。

【Objective】To clarify the distribution characteristics of Streptomyces spp.and environmental factors in Yunnan,and provide theoretical reference for studying the genetic diversity,ecological diversity and disease control of Streptomyces spp..【Method】The study took 67 strains of Streptomyces spp.isolated from 13 potato planting areas in Yunnan in spring and winter,and investigated their separation frequency and species in different regions,seasons and potato varieties,and analyzed the correlation between geographical latitude,altitude,soil pH,bulk density and porosity and the frequency and species of Streptomyces spp.isolated,and principal component analysis(PCA)revealed the main environmental factors affecting the distribution of Streptomyces spp.【Result】It was found that there were obvious regional differences in the species and separation frequency of Streptomyces spp.in Yunnan.Five species of Streptomyces spp.were isolated from Kunming and Qujing,and the separation frequencies were 19.40%and 17.91%,respectively.There were 10 species of Streptomyces spp.isolated from Lishu 6 with the separation frequency of 86.57%,while only S.enissocaesilis was isolated from Hezuo 88 with the separation frequency of 13.43%.The separation frequency of Streptomyces spp.in spring was 70.15%,which was greatly higher than 29.85%in winter.The separation frequency and species of Streptomyces spp.in spring planting area showed a downward trend with the increaseof latitude,and there was a binomial correlation with altitude.The separation frequency and species of Streptomyces spp.in winterwasthe highest during northern latitudes 24°-25°,and decreased in northernlatitudes 23°-24°and 25°01′,and had binomial correlation with altitude.There was a binomial correlation between the separation frequency and species of Streptomyces spp.and pH,bulk density and porosity under different soil physical conditions.PCA analysis showed that pH,latitude and altitude were the key factors affecting the separation frequency of Streptomyces spp.,and latitude and altitude were the main factors affecting the species of Streptomyces spp.【Conclusion】The distribution of potato Streptomyces spp.is greatly affected by planting season,potato varieties,geographical latitude and altitude,soil pH value,bulk density and porosity.The relationship between Streptomyces spp.and environmental factors can be used to control the growth and reproduction of pathogens in potato production.