不同治疗时机对妊娠并糖尿病患者母婴结局的影响分析

Analysis of the Influence of Different Treatment Timing on the Maternal and Infant Outcome of Pregnancy Complicated with Diabetes

目的分析不同治疗时机对妊娠并糖尿病患者母婴结局的影响。方法选择该院2019年7月—2021年1月收治的118例GDM患者,32周前确诊患者为对照组,32周后确诊患者为研究组,每组59例。两组患者均给予常规处理,包含饮食、运动、药物治疗等。比较两组孕产妇并发症发生率、新生儿并发症发生率、新生儿胎龄、体质量、血糖值。结果对照组妊高症发生率为5.08%、早产为3.39%、感染为5.08%、羊水过多为1.69%、胎膜早破为1.69%,低于研究组18.64%、23.73%、22.03%、15.25%、16.95%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=5.187、10.412、7.230、6.992、8.676,P<0.05)。对照组巨大儿发生率为3.39%、新生儿窒息为3.39%、新生儿低血糖为5.08%、高胆红血症为1.69%,低于研究组18.64%、20.34%、23.73%、13.56%,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=7.002、8.104、8.316、4.330,P<0.05)。对照组新生儿平均胎龄为(38.71±2.56)周,高于研究组(37.12±2.08)周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);治疗前后,两组血糖差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论孕周32周前确诊疾病,并采取相应治疗措施,可提高安全性,改善妊娠结局。

Objective To analyze the influence of different treatment timing on the maternal and infant outcome of pregnant women with diabetes.Methods 118 patients with GDM admitted to the hospital from July 2019 to January 2021 were selected.The patients diagnosed before 32 weeks were the control group,and the patients diagnosed after 32 weeks were the study group,with 59 cases in each group.Both groups of patients were given routine treatment,including diet,exercise,and medication.The incidence of maternal complications,the incidence of perinatal complications,gestational age,weight,and blood glucose levels of newborns were compared between the two groups.Results The incidence of pregnancy-induced hypertension in the control group was 5.08%,premature delivery was 3.39%,infection was 5.08%,polyhydramnios was 1.69%,and premature rupture of membranes was 1.69%,which was lower than 18.64%,23.73%,22.03%,15.25%,16.95%in the study group,the difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=5.187,10.412,7.230,6.992,8.676,P<0.05).The incidence of macrosomia in the control group was 3.39%,neonatal asphyxia was 3.39%,neonatal hypoglycemia was 5.08%,and hyperbilirubemia was 1.69%,which was lower than 18.64%,20.34%,23.73%,13.56%in the study group.The difference was statistically significant(χ^(2)=7.002,8.104,8.316,4.330,P<0.05).The average gestational age of newborns in the control group was(38.71±2.56)weeks,which was higher than the study group(37.12±2.08)weeks,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before and after treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in blood glucose between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion The diagnosis of the disease before 32 weeks of gestational age and corresponding treatment measures can improve safety and improve pregnancy outcome.