资本与马克思现代史观——《资本论》原计划后三卷的当代意义

Capital and Marx’s View on Modern History:Contemporary Significance of the Latter Three Planned Volumes of Capital

马克思发现了现代社会的发展规律,从而发现了人类历史的发展规律。资本构成理解现代社会的基本哲学范畴,《资本论》则是马克思现代史观的集中体现。国家、对外贸易、世界市场是马克思要写而未完成的《资本论》后三卷内容。通过对资本与国家、国际贸易和世界市场关系的论述,马克思不仅要揭示资本在一国范围内的本质和规律,而且要揭示资本在世界范围内的本质和规律。马克思虽然没有给我们留下完整的《资本论》后三卷手稿,但给我们留下了理解资本、国家和国际问题的思路。从《资本论》六卷结构出发,梳理分析马克思关于资本在国家、国际贸易、世界市场中作用的论述,我们才能真正理解马克思的宏伟规划及其思想的总体脉络,真正认识《资本论》哲学即马克思现代史观,真正理解世界和引导世界。

Marx discovered the development laws of modern society and hence found the laws of human history.Capital is basic philosophical category to understand modern society;Capital fully embodies Marx’s view on modern history.State,international trade and world market are the subjects of the latter three volumes of Capital planned but unfinished by Marx,who wanted to reveal the nature and laws of Capital not only in one country but also worldwide by analyzing the relationship between capital and state,between capital and international trade,and between capital and world market.Although Marx did not leave the complete latter three volumes of Capital,his thought to understand capital,national and global problems remains.By analyzing Marx’s discussion on the role of Capital in state,international trade and world market,based on the six-volume structure of Capital,we can truly understand his grand plan and the general structure of his thought,the philosophy of Capital(i.e.Marx’s view on modern history),and the world for us to lead.