模块化局限与再集成发展模式分析——基于复杂产品体系视角

Modularization Limitation and the Analysis of Reintegration Development Model——Based on the Perspective of Complex Product System

模块化主流研究关注在特定领域、环境或背景中如何模块化,并没有关注其突出的局限性。模块化局限性在复杂产品体系中有显著表现,本文基于逆模块化文献与相关理论,在模块接口与依赖、模块边界与数量、模块化的协同限制、模块化门限和模块化陷阱与再集成发展5个方面展开分析,以航空产品作为实例进行论证。研究发现复杂产品体系的模块化局限性分别表现在模块间接口模糊与模块高度耦合,物理与知识模块的边界过于细小且其匹配关系具有灰色地带,多维度模块化在多象限发散,模块化门限无法准确获得。模块化变异突进的产品服从模块化与集成化交替的发展路径,会产生再集成。模块化变异温和与稳定的产品分别服从以模块化为主和以集成化为主的发展路径。确定模块接口与模块间关系,刻画模块边界,逼近模块化门限,管理多维度模块化变动与探索集成模块的出现与演进对模块化在复杂产品体系中的应用具有重要意义。

The mainstream research of modularization focuses on how to modularize in the specific domain,environment or background.It does not pay attention to its outstanding limitations.The limitation of modularization is evident in the complex pro⁃duct system.Based on revisionist literature and related theories,we analyze the following five aspects:module interface and module dependency,module boundary and numbers,synergism restriction of modularization,modularization threshold,modular trap and reintegration.And we use aeronautical products as an example to demonstrate.The study finds that the complex product system of modular limitations was reflected respectively in the fuzzy module interface and high coupling between modules,the huge boundary of physics and knowledge and its matching relationship has grey zone,multi dimension modularization has multi-quadrant diver⁃gence,modularization threshold cannot be obtained accurately.The product of modularization mutation follows the alternate deve⁃lopment path of modularization and integration,which will produces reintegration.The product of moderate and stable variation fol⁃low the development path of modularization-based and integration-based respectively.It is of great significance to determine the re⁃lationship between module interfaces and modules,depict the boundaries of modules,approximate the modular threshold,manage multidimensional modularization,and explore the emergence and evolution of integrated modules in the application of modularization in complex product systems.