从配套网络看中国汽车产业:现状、困境与策略——基于汽车整车企业发动机总成配套网络数据

China's Auto Industry:Current Situation,Predicament and Strategy——Based on the Data Analysis of Engine Assembly Supporting Network of Automobile Whole Vehicle Enterprises

在新的科技浪潮与中国汽车工业转型升级形成交汇之际,顺应"汽车新四化"和突破"汽车四基"瓶颈是实现汽车工业转型升级的最后机会。为了更好的研究汽车产业现状,本文基于核心区域整车企业配套中最具有关键技术代表性的发动机总成相关数据构建隶属合作网络,结合社会网络分析法和地理空间布局分析法,从技术归属和地理空间布局两方面进行分析。研究发现:发动机总成所属7个网络均具有小世界特征,但密度较低,抗毁能力较弱;涉外资企业仍然是网络权力绝对掌控者,本土企业发展较慢但后劲很足,在发动机配套网络的主要权力掌控者和限制力来源群体中与涉外资企业形成了势均力敌的局面;此外,零部件企业合作外溢性较强,地理距离不是做出"抱团"行为的主要影响因素。最后针对目前中国汽车产业所处的困境,提出了可行的建议。

At the time of the convergence of the new wave of science and technology with the transformation and upgrading of China's automobile industry,it is the last opportunity to realize the transformation and upgrading of the automobile industry by con⁃forming to the“New Four-base”in order to better study the current situation of the automobile industry,this paper builds a coope⁃rative network based on the relevant data of the engine bus,which is the most representative of the key technology in the core area,combined with the social network analysis method and geospatial layout analysis method,and analyzes the two aspects of technical attribution and geospatial layout.The study finds that the seven networks belonging to the engine assembly all have small world char⁃acteristics,but the density is low and the anti-destruction ability is weak,the foreign-funded enterprises are still the absolute con⁃trol of network power,the local enterprise development is slow but the strength is sufficient,in terms of quantity,in the main power control and restriction source group of the engine supporting network and the foreign-funded enterprises involved in the formation of a situation of equal power.Finally,in view of the current difficulties of China's automobile industry,put forward a feasible proposal.