有机思想、有机城市与有机更新

Organic Ideas,Organic Cities and Organic Regeneration

本质而言,城市是由无数自由个体所汇聚而成的多维组织,也是由无数思考线索所编织而成的复杂系统,它是支撑各类社会活动持续发生的有机整体,兼具稳定的结构与流变的内涵。如果说社会历史或集体生活是一个渐进建构的持续过程,那么作为其环境载体的城市也将处于一种不断进行调整的过程之中。在这一层面而言,城市更新也即成为一种社会发展之常态,而这也相应地决定了有机城市的更新策略必然是微观、多元、渐进以及永续的。文章从吴良镛先生所提出的有机更新理念出发,针对有机思想、有机城市的概念根源进行回溯;通过围绕埃利尔·沙里宁、克里斯托弗·亚历山大、凯文·林奇与简·雅各布斯等学者理论的思想解析,对有机更新的思想与方法进行深入探讨,提出现代城市有机发展的战术性空间操作与战略性策略安排,呼吁城市微更新成为当代城市保持永续发展的重要手段。

A city is in essence a multi-dimensional complex constituted of innumerous individuals as well as an organic system woven with innumerous lines of thought.It could be said that a city is constituted of stable structures and changing contents.If social history and collective life are a process of everlasting construction,a city with its places becomes a vessel of the built environment that needs continuous adjustments.Urban regeneration is in this sense a common status quo of society.It determines that the strategies of organic urban regeneration have to be microcosmic,multi-dimensional,progressing,and everlasting.Based on the conception of organic regeneration by Wu Lianyong,this paper launches a retrospective study of organic ideas and organic cities.By researching the theoretical ideas of Eliel Saarinen,Christopher Alexander,Kevin Lynch,Jane Jacobs,this paper dissects the ideas and methods of organic regeneration.