籽粒镉低积累小麦材料的筛选及稳定性分析

Screening of Wheat Materials with Low Cadmium Accumulation in Grains and Characteristics of Cadmium Accumulation

为筛选出在不同试验条件下籽粒镉(Cd)低积累且稳定的小麦材料,以2年大田试验获得的籽粒Cd积累存在差异的30份小麦材料为研究对象,采用不同Cd浓度的盆栽试验和不同Cd污染程度的大田试验对小麦材料籽粒Cd积累差异进行研究。结果表明,盆栽试验中,小麦籽粒Cd含量随土壤Cd浓度的增加而增加,且在材料间差异明显;聚类分析发现,有7份小麦材料(30389、MY1848、XK066-1、77782、HW2-2、中梁22、绵麦37)在不同Cd浓度下均表现出Cd低积累特性。在成都平原区和川南丘陵区大田试验中,30份小麦材料籽粒Cd含量变化范围分别为0.07~0.94 mg·kg^(-1)和0.23~0.69 mg·kg^(-1),且在材料间与不同试验地点间差异均明显;聚类分析发现,有8份材料(30389、77782、良麦2号、12N551、济麦22、蜀麦375、中梁22、绵麦37)在不同试验地点均呈现籽粒Cd低积累特性。综合盆栽试验和大田试验结果,筛选到4份稳定的籽粒Cd低积累型小麦材料(30389、77782、中梁22和绵麦37),可用于中轻度Cd污染农田的安全生产。

In order to screen the wheat materials of stable low-Cd accumulation in grains under different experimental conditions,a pot test with different concentrations of Cd and a field experiment with different situations of Cd contaminant were combined to investigate the difference of the Cd accumulation in grains of 30 wheat materials with varied Cd accumulation in grains obtained under 2-year field experiments,and the stability of Cd accumulation were characterized by cluster analysis.The results showed that the Cd concentrations in wheat grains increased with the increasing of Cd concentration in soil;Obvious difference was found among wheat materials in pot experiment.The cluster analysis demonstrated 7 wheat materials showed stably characteristics of low-Cd accumulation under different Cd treatments,including 30389,MY1848,XK066-1,77782,HW2-2,Zhongliang 22 and Mianmai 37.In the field experiments located in Chengdu Plain and South Sichuan hilly,Cd accumulations in the grains of the 30 wheat materials were 0.07-0.94 mg·kg^(-1) and 0.23-0.69 mg·kg^(-1),respectively.Obvious difference of grain Cd concentration was detected among wheat materials and different experimental locations.8 wheat materials(30389,77782,Liangmai 2,12 N551,Jimai 22,Shumai 375,Zhongliang 22 and Mianmai 37)with stable characteristics low-Cd accumulation in grains were screened out according to results of cluster analysis.Combining the results of pot experiment and field experiment,4 stable wheat materials with low-Cd accumulation in grains(30389,77782,Zhongliang 22 and Mianmai 37)were screened out in this research,which can provided potential low-Cd accumulation wheat materials for Cd-contaminated farmland fields.