东兴市活禽市场禽流感流行病学调查

Epidemiological Surveillance on Avian Influenza in Live Birds Markets in Dongxing City

为掌握中越边境地区禽流感流行趋势,2013年10月~2020年10月对辖区内活禽销售市场进行系统监测。监测结果显示:活禽市场内常年都有病毒循环,呈多亚型病毒共存状态;环境样品的阳性率高达30.82%,家禽样品阳性率为20.77%。市场调查发现:东兴市的活禽销售市场规模不大而交易频繁;市场交易活禽主要来自本地小型养殖场、广西其他地区活禽交易批发市和规模养殖场以及边境走私家禽;活禽市场生物安全措施不到位,也未严格执行休市制度。监测和调查结果表明,东兴市活禽销售市场管理水平低,家禽来源复杂;市场环境污染严重,多种亚型禽流感病毒共存,且存在家禽隐性带毒现象,因而有病毒散播风险。因此需要加强禽流感监测力度,提高活禽市场的管理水平和生物安全措施。

In order to recognize the situation of Avian influenza in China-Vietnam border areas,a systematic monitoring towards AIV infection in live birds markets(LBMs)of Dongxing city was carried out during October 2013 to October 2020. The surveillance results showed that LBMs in Dongxing were seriously polluted by AIV,and multiple subtypes of AIV coexisted. the positive rate of environmental samples was 30.82%,while the positive rate of birds samples was 20.77%. The market survey showed that LBMs in Dongxing were small-scale but the trading frequency was high. Birds in these LBMs were mainly from local small-scale farms,live birds wholesale markets and large-scale farms from other areas of Guangxi or other countries outside of China(by cross-border smuggling). LBMs in Dongxing had poor bio-security measures, and closing-market system was not implemented strictly. Monitoring and survey results showed that management level of LBMs was low,and the sources of live poultry were complex. AIV pollution in these LBMs was serious,the multiple virus subtypes were accumulating in the markets for a long time,and the phenomenon of recessive infection existed,indicating there was a risk of virus spreading. Therefore,it was necessary to intensify the monitoring of AIV and to improve management and bio-security measures in these LBMs.