辽朝出使高丽使者职官考

A Study on Official Posts of the Emissaries Sent by Liao Dynasty to Korea

辽朝派遣出使高丽的使者,存在以散官、文资官、武资官、宪衔、勋、职出使的现象,其中以“检校官”出使者38人次,以“文资官”出使者56人次,以“武资官”出使者109人次,以“宪衔”出使者12人次,以“职”出使者11人次,以“勋”出使者1人次。辽朝出使高丽使者所带结衔,多为象征使者身份、级别的虚衔“官”,带实职出使者极少。辽朝出使高丽使者的职官并非毫无规律,最迟至辽道宗朝,当正使为节度使时,副使为大将军、观察使或诸寺大卿;正使为观察使时,副使为诸寺大卿或诸寺少卿。

There existed the phenomenon that the emissaries sent by Liao Dynasty to Korea,include"Sanguan","Wenziguan","Wuziguan","Xianxian","Xun"and"Zhi".Among these messengers,38 emissaries were sent out by"Jianjiaoguan",56 emissaries were sent by"Wenziguan",109 emissaries were sent by"Wuziguan",12 emissaries were sent by"Xianxian",11 emissaries were sent by"Zhi",1 emissary was sent by"Xun".Most of the posts carried by the emissaries sent by Liao Dynasty to Korea were"Guan",which symbolized the status and rank of the emissaries,and few of the emissaries went out with real posts.The posts of the emissaries sent by Liao Dynasty to Korea were not irregular.At the latest to the Liao Dao Zong,when the main-emissary was"Jiedushi",the vice-emissary was"Dajiangjun"or"Guanchashi"or"Zhusidaqing";when the main-emissary was"Guanchashi",the the vice-emissary was"Zhushidaqing"or"Zhusishaoqing".