甘蓝型油菜的产油量分析

Analysis of Oil Production in Brassica napus L.

产油量高低反应种植油菜的经济效益。为了解中国甘蓝型油菜的产油量现状,对10年的国家油菜区域试验资料进行统计分析。结果表明,我国甘蓝型油菜平均产量为2 584.4 kg/hm^(2) ,含油率平均为43.08%,产油量平均为1 115.0 kg/hm^(2) 。产油量的高低顺序为云贵高原品种(1 412.7 kg/hm^(2) )>黄淮区品种(1 321.7 kg/hm^(2) )>长江下游品种(1 171.8 kg/hm^(2) )>长江上游品种(1 082.1 kg/hm^(2) )>长江中游品种(1 059.3 kg/hm^(2) )>早熟组品种(824.3 kg/hm^(2) )。产油量与含油率、产量均呈极显著正相关,产量每提高1 kg/hm^(2) ,产油量增加0.5 kg/hm^(2);含油率每增加1%,产油量则增加36.6 kg/hm^(2) 。油菜品种含油率的提高对产油量的贡献率大于油菜产量的提高,提高油菜品种含油率可促进油菜产量的提高。选育含油率达50%,产量3 000 kg/hm^(2) 以上的品种,可大幅度提高甘蓝型油菜的产油量。

The level of oil yield reflects the economic benefits of planting rape.In order to understand the present situation of oil yield of Brassica napus L.in China,the data of national rapeseed regional trial for 10 years were statistically analyzed.The results showed that the average yield of Brassica napus L.in China was 2584.4 kg/hm^(2),the average oil content was 43.08%,and the average oil yield was 1115.0 kg/hm^(2).The order of oil production was Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau(1412.7 kg/hm^(2))>Huanghuai area(1321.7 kg/hm^(2))>the lower reaches of the Yangtze River(1171.8 kg/hm^(2))>the upper reaches of the Yangtze River(1082.1 kg/hm^(2))>the middle reaches of the Yangtze River(1059.3 kg/hm^(2))>the early maturity formation(824.3 kg/hm^(2)).There was a very significant positive correlation between oil yield and oil content and production.When the oil yield increased by 1 kg/hm^(2),the oil yield increased by 0.5 kg/hm^(2),and when the oil content increased by 1%,the oil production increased by 36.6 kg/hm^(2).The contribution rate of increasing oil content of rape varieties to oil yield was greater than that of rape yield.Increasing oil content of rape varieties can promote the increase of rape yield.Breeding varieties with oil content of 50%and yield of more than 3000 kg/hm^(2) can greatly increase the oil yield of Brassica napus L.