建筑平面能耗系数的推导与应用——以斯宅传统民居为例

DERIVATION AND APPLICATION OF COEFFICIENT OF BUILDING PLANE ENERGY CONSUMPTION:BASED ON THE CASE OF SIZHAI VILLAGE

建筑体形系数计算式包含的因子有建筑的长、宽和高,把长和宽两因素进行组合,即为建筑的底层平面形态。通过DesignBuilder软件模拟与分析发现:建筑平面面形系数与底层面积和建筑能耗息息相关,其中建筑能耗与面形系数呈正比关系,与底层面积呈反比关系,并由此推导出建筑平面能耗系数算式。为揭示斯宅传统民居平面能耗系数在宏观层面的分布特征,借助G.E.软件分析各子区域内的一字形平面民居、L形平面民居、凹字形平面民居和回字形平面民居的分布规律和频数统计特征,再应用所推导算式计算各个子区域内的民居平面能耗系数。在子区域统计数据基础上进行综合分析得出:天井院民居的节能效果最好,三合院民居次之,折角民居再次之,单体民居最差。

The ingredients of equation for building shape coefficient contain length,width and height.Integrating the length and width,it forms the dimensions of first floor for the building.Simulating and analyzing by DesignBuilder,it was found that:the building plane-shaped coefficient and its first floor area were closely related with the energy consumption.The building energy consumption was directly proportional to the building plane-shaped coefficient,and inversely proportional to the first floor area.In addition,the equation of the building’s plane-energy-consumption coefficient was formulated in this work.In order to research the distribution characteristics of plane-energy-consumption coefficient for the traditional dwellings in Sizhai village at the macro level,the distribution rules and statistical characteristics of dwellings with beeline-shaped plane,L-shaped plane,concave-shaped plane and shaped plane in each subregion were analyzed by G.E.respectively.Besides,utilizing the derived equation,the plane-energy-consumption coefficients for dwellings were computed for each subregion.Based on these statistical data,the conclusion was made that:the energy saving of building with rectangular-ambulatory-plane-shaped plane was the best,followed by cancave-shaped plane,L-shaped plane,beeline-shaped plane.