环境治理和公众参与对环境支付意愿影响探究

The Impact of Government Environmental Governance and Citizen Involvement on the Willingness to Pay for Environmental Tax

公众对环境质量要求不断提高,这对我国环境治理提出新的挑战。学界针对环境税等市场化治理手段探讨时,提出将环境税征收对象扩大到个人,或者个人碳交易等政策,这意味着公众需要支付更高的费用。在探讨这些治理手段有效性的之前,政策制定者首先要面对的是公众对这些政策的支付意愿。研究利用中国社会调查2010版调查数据来评估"多方共治"是否可以提高环境税的支付意愿。结果表明:政府层面,相较于地方政府,中央政府的环境治理更能促进公众的支付意愿;公众个体层面,公众环保意识和环保参与都可以提高环境税的支付意愿,两者相较环保意识的作用更加明显。基于此,未来我国需要加强地方政府环境治理水平考核,以提高地方政府环境治理;此外需要进一步推广公众环保教育,让公众参与积极投入环境保护行动中。

The public's requirements for environmental quality continue to increase,which poses new challenges for environmental governance of China.Existing studies proposed market-oriented governance methods such as environmental taxes,individual carbon trading policies,which mean that the public needs to pay higher fees.Before discussing the effectiveness of these governance measures,policymakers must first face the public's willingness to pay for these policies.The study used Chinese General Social Survey 2010 to assess whether"multiple-dimension governance"can increases the willingness to pay environmental taxes.The research results show that at the government level,compared with local governments,the environmental governance of the central government can promote the public willingness to pay;at the individual public level,public environmental awareness and participation in environmental protection can increase the willingness to pay environmental taxes,the role of public environmental awareness takes more significant responsibility.