不同电子氟化液对浸没式相变冷却系统性能的影响

Effect of Different Electronic Cooling Liquid on the Performance of Immersion Phase Change Cooling System

为满足数据中心日益增长的热管理需求,本文采用了浸没式相变冷却技术,建立了浸没式相变冷却系统的性能模型,对4种常用电子氟化液进行模拟,以验证这4种工质对浸没式相变冷却系统性能的影响。模拟计算结果表明:1)4种电子氟化液中,D-1适用压力范围最广,启动所需要的热流密度值最小,但最大散热能力弱于FC-72和HFE-7100,综合性能较强;2)随着流速的增大,冷却水所能携带的热量最终趋于稳定,不同电子氟化液对管内冷却水压降的影响基本相同;3)提高冷却水进口温度,有利于出口冷却水的能量回收利用,但系统散热效果不佳;降低冷却水进口温度,有利于增大传热温差从而提高散热能力,但可能会出现冷量利用效率较低的问题;4)模拟计算所得的曲线图中,在相同冷却水进口温度、冷却水流速等条件下,D-1蒸气环境中冷却水携带的热量、进出口温升曲线均与Novec 649接近或基本重合,因而可在浸没式相变冷却中替代Novec 649发挥较好的散热效用。

To meet the growing thermal management needs of data centers,immersion phase change cooling technology is adopted.This project established a performance model of an immersion phase-change cooling system and simulated the performance of four coolants in this model to confirm the effects of different coolants on its performance.The results showed that:1)Among the four coolants,D-1 had a stronger overall performance with the widest applicable pressure range and the smallest heat flux required for startup,but the maximum heat dissipation capacity of D-1 was lower than those of FC-72 and HFE-7100.2)As the flow rate increased,the heat carried by the cooling water tended to a stable value,and different coolants had essentially the same influence on the pressure drop of the cooling water in the tube.3)Increasing the inlet temperature of the cooling water was beneficial for energy recovery and utilization of the outlet cooling water,but the cooling effect of the system was not good.While reducing the inlet temperature was conducive to improving the cooling capacity,it might cause problems of inefficient utilization of cold energy.4)In the graphs,under the condition of the same inlet temperature and flow rate of cooling water,the curves of heat carried by the cooling water and temperature rise in the vapor environment of D-1 were close to or basically in line with that of Novec 649,which means that Novec 649 could be substituted by D-1 in the immersion phase change cooling system to exert a better cooling effect.