摘要
为了解葛藤草粉在山羊全混合日粮中等量替代紫花苜蓿草粉的效果,探索葛藤草粉在当地山羊生产中的应用价值,首先对葛藤草粉的常规营养成分进行测定,然后选择体重[(18.20±1.65)kg]相近的5月龄波尔山羊×马头山羊阉公羔75只,随机分为5组,每组15只。对照组饲喂基础日粮,其余4个处理组分别以葛藤草粉等量替代紫花苜蓿草粉,即25%、50%、75%和100%。于正试期第50天开始,进行为期7 d的消化代谢试验,分析波杂山羊血清生化参数、日粮养分表观消化率、生长性能的变化。结果表明,葛藤草粉的粗蛋白质、钙、磷含量与苜蓿草粉相近,粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量高于苜蓿草粉。用葛藤草粉替代苜蓿草粉,75%替代组波杂山羊平均日增重、平均日采食量以及料重比最佳,其中平均日增重比对照组增加23.2%,而料重比下降15.49%(P<0.05)。随着替代比例的增加,波杂山羊粗蛋白表观消化率、中性洗涤纤维及干物质表观消化率显著提高(P<0.05),但处理组间酸性洗涤纤维、粗脂肪、钙及总磷表观消化率差异不显著(P>0.05)。25%、50%、75%和100%组波杂山羊血清丙二醛水平较对照组分别降低11.3%、19.8%、25.4%和26.3%(P<0.05),而血清超氧化物歧化酶、总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶较对照组显著升高(P<0.05),其中100%替代组血清超氧化物歧化酶、总抗氧化能力、过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶较对照组分别升高8.8%、20.7%、49.4%及34.4%(P<0.05)。25%、50%、75%和100%组血清免疫球蛋白IgA比对照组分别提高15.8%、21.0%、26.3%(P<0.05)和21.0%(P<0.05),血清免疫球蛋白IgG分别提高6.8%、9.5%、12.2%、10.8%(P<0.05),血清免疫球蛋白IgM分别提高9.1%,12.1%、15.2%和12.1%(P<0.05)。因此,葛藤草粉不仅能改善波杂山羊的生产性能,而且能提高波杂山羊的免疫功能;可替代紫花苜蓿,作为当地山羊的优质饲草饲料。
This study aimed to measure the effects of substituting dietary alfalfa meal with kudzu vine(Pueraria Lobata) meal on serum biochemical parameters,apparent nutrient digestibility,and growth performance in Boer crossbred goats. Seventy-five Boer×Matou castrated male goats with similar body weight[(18. 20±1. 65) kg]were selected and randomly assigned to five groups with 15 animals as replicates in each group. A Control group was fed a base diet,and those in the other four experimental groups were fed experimental diets in which 25%,50%,75% or 100% of alfalfa meal in the base diet were substituted by kudzu vine meal. After a feeding trial was carried out for 55 days,a 7-day digestibility trial was conducted. The results showed that the apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein and neutral detergent fiber(NDF)was significantly increased(P<0. 05)by the substitution of alfalfa with kudzu vine meal. However,the apparent digestibilities of crude fiber,acid detergent fiber,calcium and total phosphorus did not differ among treatments(P>0. 05). With increased substitution level of kudzu meal,malondialdehyde(MDA) levels in serum of the 25%,50%,75% and 100% treatment groups decreased by11. 3%,19. 8%,25. 4% and 26. 3%,respectively,compared with the control group. However,with increased substitution level of kudzu vine meal,superoxide dismutase(SOD),catalase(CAT)and glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activities,and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in serum in Boer crossbred goats were significantly increased(P<0. 05). When 100% of alfalfa in the control diet was substituted with alfalfa powder,SOD,T-AOC,CAT and GSH-Px were increased(P<0. 05) by 8. 8%,20. 7%,49. 4% and 34. 4%,respectively. Compared with control diet,serum IgA of 25%,50%,75% and 100% treatment groups was increased by 15. 8%,21. 0%,26. 3% and 21. 0%,respectively;serum IgG of 25%,50%,75% and 100% treatment groups was increased(P<0. 05) by 6. 8%,9. 5%,12. 2% and 10. 8%,respectively;and serum IgM of 25%,50%,75% and 100%treatment groups was increased(P<0. 05)by 9. 1%,12. 1%,15. 2% and 12. 1%,respectively. As judged from the average daily gain,feed intake and ratio of gain:feed,the 75% substitution treatment was optimal. The daily body weight gain of the 75% substitution treatment group was increased by 23. 2%,and the ratio of gain:feed was increased by 15. 49%(P<0. 05)in comparison with control group. In conclusion,inclusion of kudzu vine meal in the diet of Boer crossbred goats improved the bodyweight gain and immune function of the goats. Kudzu vine meal can be used as a high quality feed for goats in place of alfalfa meal.
作者
李俊年
康绍华
杨冬梅
何纤
李双
陶双伦
LI Jun-nian;KANG Shao-hua;YANG Dong-mei;HE Qian;LI Shuang;TAO Shuang-lun(College of Life Resources and Environmental Science,Jishou University,Jishou 416000,China;College of Animal Science,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《草业学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2021年第8期146-153,共8页
Acta Prataculturae Sinica
基金
湖南省重点研发项目(2012NK2013)
国家自然科学基金项目(3870345)资助。
关键词
波杂山羊
葛藤
生产性能
免疫
生化指标
Boer crossbred goats
kudzu vine
productive performance
immunity
biochemical parameters