峨眉树蛙产卵位点选择对蝌蚪发育的影响

The Effect of Spawn Site Selection on Tadpole Development of Emei Tree Frog(Rhacophorus omei⁃ensis)

产卵位点选择是雌性选择一个特定的环境产卵,以使后代的适合度达到最大。两栖动物产卵位点对后代发育和存活至关重要。选取鞍子河国家级自然保护区的峨眉树蛙(Rhacophorus omeimontis)为研究对象,通过野外观察以及室内试验,探究不同产卵位点(高或低)对蝌蚪发育的影响。结果显示,峨眉树蛙产卵位点距离水面距离变异大(7.5~232.5cm,n=87),80.5%喜欢选择在距离水面30~180cm处产卵;高处的卵团窝卵数与低处没有显著差异,但高处卵团出膜蝌蚪和变态幼蛙的体型均显著大于低处。表明峨眉树蛙产卵位点选择对蝌蚪发育有一定影响,高处的卵较低处的卵孵化的后代具有更高的适合度。

Spawn site selection refers to the female choosing a specific environment to lay eggs in order to maximize the fitness of offsprings.Amphibians spawn sites are critical for the development and survival of their offsprings.In this study,we selected Omei tree frog(Rhacophorus omeimontis)as the research object in the Anzihe National Na⁃ture Reserve,researched the effects of different spawn sites(high or low)on tadpole development according to the field observation and experiment.The results showed that the distance between oviposition sites and water surface had a large variation(7.5cm~232.5cm,n=87),80.5%of tree frogs prefered to lay eggs at 30~180cm from the water surface.Clutch size in the high place had no significant difference to the lower place,but the body size of tadpoles and froglets in the high place were significantly larger than those in the lower place.These results indicated that the spawn site selection of Omei tree frog has influence on tadpoles’development,which the offsprings in the high place has higher fitness than those in the low place.