后循环缺血性孤立性眩晕的发生机制及其危险因素的研究进展

Research progress on the mechanism of occurrence and risk factors of posterior circulation ischemic isolated vertigo

眩晕是神经内科最常见的症状之一,导致眩晕的病因繁多复杂,及时鉴别中枢性和外周性的损害是眩晕诊断与治疗的关键。孤立性眩晕表现为眩晕症状,可伴有植物神经功能紊乱,但无明显局灶性神经功能损害的症状及体征。近年来临床研究发现孤立性眩晕可以是后循环缺血唯一的表现,临床上诊断困难,但早期识别中枢性眩晕对临床的诊治及预后至关重要。本文就后循环缺血性孤立性眩晕的发生机制及相关危险因素进行综述,希望有助于提高后循环缺血性孤立性眩晕的识别率。

Vertigo is a common symptom in the department of neurology.The causes of vertigo are numerous and complex.Distinguish central and peripheral damages in time is the key to diagnose and treat vertigo.Isolated vertigo is characterized by paroxysmal or persistent vertigo,which may be accompanied by autonomic neurological dysfunction,but has no symptoms and signs of focal neurological deficit.In recent years,clinical researchers have found that isolated vertigo can be the only manifestation of posterior circulation ischemia,which is difficult to be diagnosed clinically.However,early identification of central vertigo is very important for clinical diagnosis,treatment and prognosis.In this paper,the mechanism and related risk factors of posterior circulation ischemic isolated vertigo are reviewed.It is hoped to improve the identification rate of posterior circulation ischemic isolated vertigo.