突发性聋激素治疗用药途径研究进展

Research Progress on Steroids Administration Approaches in Sudden Hearing Loss

皮质类固醇激素是治疗突发性聋(sudden hearing loss,SHL)疗效确切的药物。给药途径包括全身给药和局部给药,全身给药副作用大,部分患者不能耐受;局部给药途径较多但无统一标准。经鼓膜穿刺给药为有创操作且作用不持久;经耳蜗直接给药手术难度相对大,对术者要求较高;经耳后注射给药、利用载体或工具经圆窗龛给药及经咽鼓管给药成为近年来研究热点。本文主要对激素治疗SHL用药途径的临床应用研究现状进行综述,为临床激素的使用方法及进一步研究提供更全面的指导。

Steroids are effective treatment for sudden hearing loss.There are two basic ways to administer steroids-systemic and local.Systemic therapy is often accompanied by side effects and can be intolerable for some patients.A number of local steroids therapy methods exist,which are yet to be standardized.Intratympanic injection is an invasive operation with short acting time.Intracochlear administration is complex and highly demanding on the operator’s skills.Post-auricular subperiosteal injection,direct round window membrane administration and delivery through the eustachian tube have increasingly become the focus of research.In this review,we will describe recent advances in approaches of steroids administration for sudden hearing loss to provide a comprehensive guidance for clinical treatment and future studies.