承接产业转移示范区提高了能源效率吗?

Do industrial transfer demonstration zones improve energy efficiency?

现有研究从经济发展、产业升级、城镇化和污染等方面对承接产业转移示范区的影响进行了分析,而鲜有文献涉及承接产业转移示范区政策对能源效率的影响。文章重点探讨承接产业转移示范区对能源效率的影响及其作用机制。基于2004—2017年中国281个地级市的面板数据,基于熊彼特创新理论框架,利用双重差分法研究了承接产业转移示范区建设对全要素能源效率的影响。结论表明:①承接产业转移示范区能够提高约12%的能源效率,而且经过一系列稳健性检验之后结论仍然稳健。②机制分析表明,承接产业转移示范区作为城市产业发展的创新型模式,主要通过技术效应和结构效应提高能源效率。③城市规模异质性分析表明,城市规模越大示范区提高能源效率的作用越强;城市特征异质性表明,城市信息化水平越高,外商投资水平越高,示范区提高能源效率的作用越强。④基于承接转移示范区本身发展特征异质分析表明,承接转移示范区规模越大、支持力度越强、发展状况越好,示范区提高能源效率的作用越强。文章对于国家进一步调整实施产业转移政策,平衡国内区域经济发展,促进中西部城市全要素能源效率的提高具有重要的参考价值和借鉴意义。直接政策含义表明,加大实施力度和激励力度,减小中国区域发展差异,优化产业结构升级,促进经济水平发展。重视技术创新的作用,开发完善智能检测系统。加强清洁能源的替代作用,提高资源利用效率。搭建信息化平台,完善示范区的基础设施建设。提高对外开放水平,严格筛选甄别进入企业和外来投资。

Existing studies have analyzed the impact of industrial transfer demonstration zones from the aspects of economic development,industrial upgrading,urbanization and pollution,while few literature has dealt with the impact of the industrial transfer demonstration zone policy on energy efficiency.This paper focused on the impact of industrial transfer demonstration zones on energy efficiency and their mechanism.Based on the panel data of 281 prefecture level cities in China from 2004 to 2017 and the framework of Schumpeter’s innovation theory,this paper used the difference-in-differences method to study the impact of industrial transfer demonstration zone construction on total factor energy efficiency.The results showed that:①The industrial transfer demonstration zones could improve the energy efficiency by about 12%,and the conclusion was still robust after a series of robustness tests.②Mechanism analysis showed that,as an innovative mode of urban industrial development,industrial transfer demonstration zones improved energy efficiency mainly through technical effect and structural effect.③The heterogeneity analysis of city scale showed that the larger the city scale,the stronger the role of demonstration zones in the improvement of energy efficiency;the heterogeneity of city features showed that the higher the level of urban informatization and foreign investment,the stronger the role of demonstration zones in the improvement of energy efficiency.④Based on the analysis of the development characteristics of the industrial transfer demonstration zones,the results showed that the larger the scale of industrial transfer demonstration zones,the stronger the role of industrial transfer demonstration zones in the improvement of energy efficiency.This paper has important reference value and significance for China to further adjust and implement the industrial transfer policy,balance the domestic regional economic development,and promote the improvement of total factor energy efficiency in the central and western cities.The direct policy implication suggests that we should strengthen the implementation and incentive,reduce the regional development differences,optimize the upgrading of industrial structure,and promote the economic development.We should also pay attention to the role of technological innovation,develop and improve the intelligent detection system,enhance the role of clean energy alternatives,improve the efficiency of resource utilization,build information platforms,and improve the infrastructure construction of the demonstration zones.Furthermore,the level of opening up should be updated and the candidate enterprises and foreign investment should be strictly screened.