输血不良反应102例分析

Analysis of 102 cases of adverse reactions of blood transfusion

目的:分析输血不良反应发生情况,为临床安全合理输血提供理论依据。方法:回顾性分析2018年1月-2019年12月临床反馈不良反应报告102例,按输血不良反应类型、血液制剂品种、患者性别、年龄、病史等进行分类统计,分析输血不良反应与血液制剂品种及患者的关系。结果:102例输血不良反应报告中,过敏反应发生率最高,约占70.59%;其次是非溶血性发热反应,约占17.65%;患者输注病毒灭活血浆发生不良反应的比例较高,约为41.18%,其次是去白细胞悬浮红细胞,约占20.60%,单采血小板约占10.78%,未收到关于洗涤红细胞发生输血不良反应的报告;不良反应报告中患者性别比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);有输血史/妊娠史的患者输血不良反应占比高于无输血史/无妊娠史者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。从患者年龄比较来看,中老年患者输血不良反应占比相对较高。结论:患者输血不良反应类型以过敏反应为主,且以中老年患者输注血浆发生不良反应居多,建议医疗机构开展供受者血浆不规则抗体筛查,以减少或预防输血不良反应发生,血液新技术、新项目的开展依赖各个医疗机构的积极有效反馈。

Objective:To analyze the adverse reactions of blood transfusion and provide theoretical basis for clinical safe and reasonable blood transfusion.Methods:102 cases of clinical feedback adverse reactions from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed,according to the type of transfusion adverse reactions,blood preparation varieties,gender,age and history of patients,we analyzed the relationship between transfusion adverse reactions and blood preparation varieties and patients.Results:Among 102 cases of transfusion adverse reactions,the incidence of anaphylaxis was the highest,accounting for 70.59%.The second was non hemolytic fever reaction,accounting for 17.65%.The proportion of adverse reactions in patients with viral inactivated plasma infusion was higher,about 41.18%,the second was leukocyte depleted suspended red blood cells,about 20.60%,the percentage of apheresis platelets was about 10.78%,there was no report about transfusion adverse reaction of washed red blood cells.There was no significant difference in gender in adverse reaction report(P>0.05).The proportion of adverse reactions was higher in patients with blood transfusion history/pregnancy history than that without blood transfusion history/pregnancy history,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).According to the age of patients,the proportion of transfusion adverse reactions in middle-aged and elderly patients was relatively high.Conclusion:The main type of adverse reactions is anaphylaxis,most of the adverse reactions occurre in middle-aged and elderly patients with plasma infusion,it is suggested that medical institutions should carry out irregular antibody screening in donor and recipient plasma to reduce or prevent transfusion adverse reactions,the development of new blood technology and new projects depends on the positive and effective feedback from various medical institutions.