天津地区日光温室冬季热环境测试与模拟研究

Double Membrane Solar GreenhouseTesting and Simulation Research of Winter Thermal Environment inTianjin

为了研究冬季双膜日光温室是否满足农作物正常生长所需要的热环境,以及对日光温室的保温性能的需求,笔者以天津某单双膜日光温室为研究对象,实测并分析了15 d单双膜日光温室的日平均温度,以及典型天气下单双膜日光温室的温湿度,并且通过Energyplus软件对双膜日光温室的空气间层厚度对耗热量的影响进行了模拟分析.结果表明:15日内双膜日光温室的日平均温度最大,比普通日光温室高3.6℃;在夜间,双膜日光温室的空气温度比普通日光温室高3~5℃;在典型天气下,双膜日光温室的湿度均在蔬菜适宜生长范围内,而普通日光温室不满足条件.但是,现有的双膜结构温室在阴天、下雪天的夜间最低温度值不能满足要求值,需要对现有双膜日光温室进行进一步的优化.双膜日光温室空气间层厚度模拟结果得出最优值为1 m,在不增加棚的高度情况下可以实现,并且在此厚度下的温室环境满足植物生长所需的最低土壤温度和空气的温湿度要求.

In this paper,a single and double membrane solar greenhouse in Tianjin is taken as the research object in order to study whether the double membrane solar greenhouse can meet the needs of the normal growth of crops and improve the thermal insulation performance of the greenhouse in winter.The daily average temperature of the double membrane solar greenhouse in 15 days and the temperature and humidity of the single and double membrane solar greenhouse in typical weather are measured and analyzed.The heat consumption of the air layer thickness of the double membrane solar greenhouse is simulated and analyzed by EnergyPlus software.The results show that the daily average temperature of the double membrane solar greenhouse is 3.6℃higher than that of the ordinary sunlight greenhouse in 15 days.At night,the air temperature of the double membrane solar greenhouse is 3~5℃higher than that of the ordinary sunlight greenhouse.Under typical weather,the humidity of the double membrane solar greenhouse is within the suitable growth range of vegetables,but the ordinary solar greenhouse does not meet the conditions.However,the minimum night temperature of the existing double membrane greenhouse in cloudy and snowy days still does not meet the required value,so it is necessary to further optimize the existing double membrane solar greenhouse.The simulation results of air interlayer thickness of double membrane solar greenhouse show that the optimal value is 1 m,which can be achieved without increasing the height of the greenhouse,and the greenhouse environment of this thickness can meet the minimum soil temperature,air temperature and humidity requirements for plant growth.