廊坊蓄洪区企业环境污染风险与气象因素分析

Analysis of the environmental pollution risks and meteorological factors of enterprises in Langfang flood storage area

针对目前环境污染依然严峻的形势,为降低企业生产对工农业用地的污染风险,以廊坊中南部重点企业为例,采用快速检测方法和地累积指数法,调查分析其环境粉尘污染物含量、分布特征及污染风险,并利用统计方法分析气象影响因素。结果表明,在110件企业环境粉尘样品中发现39种元素,其中有70%以上的元素其含量超过当地土壤背景值,有40%以上的样品中含多种重金属和S、Cl等元素,9大行业环境粉尘中有17种元素含量平均值超过当地土壤背景值,包括有毒元素Cl、S、Cr、Pb、Cd等,且同类型生产企业分布集中,在车间、厂区和周边环境中,Cr、Pb、Cd的地累积指数均达到了重度及以上污染水平,同时存在常年平均风速较小和风向辐合的不利气象条件,使周边空气、水和土壤的污染风险升高,建议企业加强生产资料的密闭性管理,控制有毒粉尘的形成。

The current situation of environmental pollution is still severe.To reduce the risk of pollution of industrial and agricultural land by enterprise production,the content,distribution characteristics,and pollution risk of environmental dust pollutants in key enterprises in south-central Langfang were investigated and analyzed using rapid detection methods and ground accumulation index method,and meteorological influencing factors were analyzed using statistical methods.The results showed that in 110 enterprise environmental dust samples 39 elements were found,of which more than 70%of the elements whose content exceeded the local soil background value,more than 40%of the samples contained a variety of heavy metals and elements such as S and Cl.17 elements in the environmental dust of 9 major industries had an average content exceeding the local soil background value,including toxic elements Cl,S,Cr,Pb,Cd,etc.The distribution of the same type of production enterprises was concentrated,and the ground accumulation indices of Cr,Pb,and Cd all reached the heavy and above pollution levels in the workshop,factory,and the surrounding environment.The unfavorable meteorological conditions of small average annual wind speed and wind convergence elevate the pollution risks of the surrounding air,water,and soil.We suggest that enterprises should strengthen the confinement management of production materials and control the formation of toxic dust.