全球数据治理:现实动因、双重境遇和推进路径

Global Data Governance:The Realistic Motivation,Double Circumstances and Dreakthrough Path

数字经济的全球化发展带动跨境数据流动成为常态,促使国际网络治理的内容正由技术治理、内容治理和网络安全治理向数据领域蔓延,以跨境数据流动为核心的数据治理成为全球政策制定者广泛关注的内容。但受制于不同国家间的制度环境差异,使得全球数据治理面临巨大挑战。放眼全球,新冠疫情加速了世界的数字化进程,为数字贸易发展注入了强心剂。从国内来看,21个自贸试验区快速布局,也对跨境数据流通规范化发展带来了现实需求。然而,目前全球数据治理理论体系缺乏,如何在安全与发展间寻求平衡,成为普遍关注的共性问题。在此背景下,文章分析了开展全球数据治理的现实动因,探讨了全球数据治理带来的机遇和挑战,并提出了应对之策,以期为建立全球数据治理框架提供参考和启发。

With the development of digital economy globalization,cross-border data flow has become the norm,and the content of international network governance is spreading from technology governance,content governance and network security governance to the field of data. Data governance with cross-border data flow as the core has become the focus of global policy makers. However,due to the differences of institutional environment between different countries,global data governance is facing great challenges. Looking at the world,COVID-19 pandemic has accelerated the digitalization process of the world,and has accelerated the development of digital trade. From the domestic point of view,the rapid layout of21 pilot free trade zones also brings realistic demand for the standardized development of cross-border data circulation. However,there is a lack of theoretical system of global data governance at present. How to balance the demand between security and development has become a common problem. In this context,this paper analyzes the practical considerations of global data governance,discusses the opportunities and challenges brought by global data governance,and puts forward the countermeasures,in order to provide reference and inspiration for the establishment of global data governance framework.