流动儿童城乡文化适应对物质主义的影响:安全感的中介作用——来自武汉市的调查

The Influence of Urban Acculturation and Rural Acculturation on Materialism among Migrant Children:The Mediating Role of Security--Analysis Based on Data from Migrant Children Survey in Wuhan

本研究以武汉市流动儿童为研究对象,采用问卷调查法考察流动儿童的物质主义水平,探讨城乡文化双重适应对物质主义的影响,以及流动儿童的安全感在其中所起的作用。研究发现:(1)流动儿童存在着中等偏低的物质主义价值倾向,六年级高于五年级;(2)在控制年级、性别的作用后,流动儿童的城市文化适应与物质主义显著正相关;在城市文化适应较低时,农村文化适应对物质主义有抑制作用;(3)流动儿童的城市文化适应与安全感无关,但其中的内隐观念维度会降低安全感进而提升物质主义;(4)在城市文化适应较低时,农村文化适应会通过降低安全感而显著促进物质主义倾向,体现出有调节的中介作用。验证了物质主义的城市环境接触说和不安全感假说两种作用机制,而且不安全感一方面直接来自城市文化观念,另一方面来自原有的农村文化与主流的城市文化的文化冲突,从而拓展了物质主义形成的理论。

This study takes migrant children in Wuhan as the research object to investigate the materialism of migrant children’and to explore the impact of dual-acculturation on materialism as well as the role played by the security in the dual-acculturation of migrant children.The questionnaire investigation showed that:(1)Migrant children’s materialistic value tendency is currently at a moderately low level’among which children on sixth grade is higher than those of fifth grade;(2)After controlling the variables of grade and gender’urban acculturation of migrant children significantly positively correlates with materialism’while rural acculturation has an inhibitory effect on materialism when urban cultural adaptation was relatively low;(3)Urban acculturation has no effect on the security of migrant children’and the dimension of implicit concept reduced the sense of security and promoted materialism;(4)When urban acculturation is relatively low’rural acculturation playes a significant role in promoting materialism by reducing the sense of security’reflecting the model of moderated mediation.The two hypotheses of contacting effect and insecurity effect on materialism have both been verified’insecurity on the one hand comes directly from the urban cultural idea’and on the other hand comes indirectly from the cultural conflict between the original rural culture and the mainstream urban culture.Thus the theory on the formation of materialism is expanded.