扫描电镜在中药真伪鉴别中的应用

Applications of scanning electron microscopy in identification of traditional Chinese medicine

扫描电镜(SEM)是近年来快速发展的一种新型的电子光学仪器,它主要是利用二次电子信号成像原理,常用于观察样品的表面形态。扫描电镜制样快捷、简单,具有较高的分辨率,可以提供信息丰富的表面立体结构图像。本文对其在中药真伪鉴别方面的应用进行了归纳总结,包括植物类中药,比如根及根茎类中药的表皮及横切面特征、叶类中药的气孔形状与大小及密度等叶表面特征、花类中药的花粉粒与花粉形态及表面纹饰、果实及种子类中药的表面纹饰与整体形态和种皮表面超微结构特征、全草类中药的孢子形态特征等,动物类中药的表面结构与鳞片及分泌物等,以及矿物类中药的形貌特征等,为中药的真伪鉴别提供了新的科学依据。

Scanning electron microscope(SEM),as an electronic photonic instrument,has developed rapidly in recent years,and it is widely used to observe the surface morphology of samples based on the principle of secondary electronic signal imaging.It has the advantages of fast and simple sample preparation,high resolution,and informative surface stereographic image.This paper has summarized the applications of SEM in identification of traditional Chinese medicine,including the samples of herbal medicine,such as epidermis and anatomical characteristics of roots and rhizomes,stomatal shape,size and density of leaf epidermis,spore and pollen morphology,fruit and seed morphology,the samples of animal traditional Chinese medicine,such as skin,squama and secretion,and the samples of mineral Chinese medicine as well.It provides a reference for the identification of traditional Chinese medicine.