基于服务视角的生鲜农产品供应链发展现状及展望

The Current Situation and Prospects of Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain from Service Perspective

得益于我国国土面积辽阔、纬度差异明显等特点,我国的生鲜农产品种类繁多、品质良好,有助于我国消费者膳食结构健康、平衡。然而,我国的生鲜产品上游生产分散、产品标准化程度低;中游环节冗长,层层加价、损耗严重;下游“超市+农贸市场+生鲜电商”零售渠道并行,市场需求不确定。上述特点影响了生鲜农产品供应链的运营,对于供应链体系是严峻的考验。为此,文章针对性地分析了生鲜行业的产前、产中和产后(包括加工、流通及销售)环节,提出了未来可能的发展方向,旨在建立一套适合我国生鲜产业的供应链公共服务体系,促进我国生鲜农产品行业健康有序发展。

Benefiting from China's vast land area and remarkable latitude differences,fresh agricultural products are diverse and of good quality,which contributes to a healthy and balanced diet of Chinese consumers.However,due to the dispersion of upstream production and geographical inconvenience,fresh agricultural products usually need to go through a long transportation process from the place of production to the hands of consumers,which is a challenge for the supply chain system.At present,the standardization of the upstream fresh products in China is low;the midstream links are lengthy,with layered price increases and serious product losses;downstream retail channels of supermarkets,farmer's markets and fresh food e-commerce co-exist,and market demand is uncertain.The situation mentioned aboveposes challenges to the operation of fresh products supply chain.This paper analyzes the pre-production and mid-production links,post-production processing,circulation and sales links of the fresh food industry,and proposes possible future development directions,aiming to establish a set of public supply chains public service system suitable for the healthy development of China's fresh food industry.